Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands
The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterise <i>S. aureus</i> from the Caribbean Islands of Trinidad and Tobago, and Jamaica. A total of 101 <i>S. aureus</i>/<i>argenteus</i> isolates were collected in 2020, mainly from patients with skin and soft tis...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/6/1050 |
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| author | Stefan Monecke Patrick Eberechi Akpaka Margaret R. Smith Chandrashekhar G. Unakal Camille-Ann Thoms Rodriguez Khalil Ashraph Elke Müller Sascha D. Braun Celia Diezel Martin Reinicke Ralf Ehricht |
| author_facet | Stefan Monecke Patrick Eberechi Akpaka Margaret R. Smith Chandrashekhar G. Unakal Camille-Ann Thoms Rodriguez Khalil Ashraph Elke Müller Sascha D. Braun Celia Diezel Martin Reinicke Ralf Ehricht |
| author_sort | Stefan Monecke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterise <i>S. aureus</i> from the Caribbean Islands of Trinidad and Tobago, and Jamaica. A total of 101 <i>S. aureus</i>/<i>argenteus</i> isolates were collected in 2020, mainly from patients with skin and soft tissue infections. They were characterised by DNA microarray allowing the detection of ca. 170 target genes and assignment to clonal complexes (CC)s and strains. In addition, the in vitro production of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was examined by an experimental lateral flow assay. Two isolates were identified as <i>S. argenteus</i>, CC2596. The remaining <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were assigned to 21 CCs. The PVL rate among methicillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA) isolates was high (38/101), and 37 of the 38 genotypically positive isolates also yielded positive lateral flow results. The isolate that did not produce PVL was genome-sequenced, and it was shown to have a frameshift mutation in <i>agrC</i>. The high rate of PVL genes can be attributed to the presence of a known local CC8–MSSA clone in Trinidad and Tobago (n = 12) and to CC152–MSSA (n = 15). In contrast to earlier surveys, the USA300 clone was not found, although one MSSA isolate carried the ACME element, probably being a <i>mecA</i>-deficient derivative of this strain. Ten isolates, all from Trinidad and Tobago, were identified as MRSA. The pandemic ST239–MRSA–III strain was still common (n = 7), but five isolates showed a composite SCC<i>mec</i> element not observed elsewhere. Three isolates were sequenced. That showed a group of genes (among others, <i>speG</i>, <i>crzC,</i> and <i>ccrA</i>/<i>B</i>-4) to be linked to its SCC element, as previously found in some CC5– and CC8–MRSA, as well as in <i>S. epidermidis</i>. The other three MRSA belonged to CC22, CC72, and CC88, indicating epidemiological connections to Africa and the Middle East. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:50:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a95be059c08d4749aa6d175588fc4146 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:50:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a95be059c08d4749aa6d175588fc41462023-11-18T09:01:20ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-06-01126105010.3390/antibiotics12061050Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean IslandsStefan Monecke0Patrick Eberechi Akpaka1Margaret R. Smith2Chandrashekhar G. Unakal3Camille-Ann Thoms Rodriguez4Khalil Ashraph5Elke Müller6Sascha D. Braun7Celia Diezel8Martin Reinicke9Ralf Ehricht10Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, St. Augustine Campus, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoDepartment of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, St. Augustine Campus, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoDepartment of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, St. Augustine Campus, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mona Campus, The University of the West Indies, Kgn7, Kingston, JamaicaDepartment of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, St. Augustine Campus, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, GermanyThe aim of this study was to comprehensively characterise <i>S. aureus</i> from the Caribbean Islands of Trinidad and Tobago, and Jamaica. A total of 101 <i>S. aureus</i>/<i>argenteus</i> isolates were collected in 2020, mainly from patients with skin and soft tissue infections. They were characterised by DNA microarray allowing the detection of ca. 170 target genes and assignment to clonal complexes (CC)s and strains. In addition, the in vitro production of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was examined by an experimental lateral flow assay. Two isolates were identified as <i>S. argenteus</i>, CC2596. The remaining <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were assigned to 21 CCs. The PVL rate among methicillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA) isolates was high (38/101), and 37 of the 38 genotypically positive isolates also yielded positive lateral flow results. The isolate that did not produce PVL was genome-sequenced, and it was shown to have a frameshift mutation in <i>agrC</i>. The high rate of PVL genes can be attributed to the presence of a known local CC8–MSSA clone in Trinidad and Tobago (n = 12) and to CC152–MSSA (n = 15). In contrast to earlier surveys, the USA300 clone was not found, although one MSSA isolate carried the ACME element, probably being a <i>mecA</i>-deficient derivative of this strain. Ten isolates, all from Trinidad and Tobago, were identified as MRSA. The pandemic ST239–MRSA–III strain was still common (n = 7), but five isolates showed a composite SCC<i>mec</i> element not observed elsewhere. Three isolates were sequenced. That showed a group of genes (among others, <i>speG</i>, <i>crzC,</i> and <i>ccrA</i>/<i>B</i>-4) to be linked to its SCC element, as previously found in some CC5– and CC8–MRSA, as well as in <i>S. epidermidis</i>. The other three MRSA belonged to CC22, CC72, and CC88, indicating epidemiological connections to Africa and the Middle East.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/6/1050<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>MRSA<i>mecA</i>SCC<i>mec</i> elementPanton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Monecke Patrick Eberechi Akpaka Margaret R. Smith Chandrashekhar G. Unakal Camille-Ann Thoms Rodriguez Khalil Ashraph Elke Müller Sascha D. Braun Celia Diezel Martin Reinicke Ralf Ehricht Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands Antibiotics <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> MRSA <i>mecA</i> SCC<i>mec</i> element Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) |
| title | Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands |
| title_full | Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands |
| title_fullStr | Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands |
| title_short | Clonal Complexes Distribution of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Clinical Samples from the Caribbean Islands |
| title_sort | clonal complexes distribution of i staphylococcus aureus i isolates from clinical samples from the caribbean islands |
| topic | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> MRSA <i>mecA</i> SCC<i>mec</i> element Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/6/1050 |
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