Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials
The common phenomenon observed for concrete in aggressive water is leaching, which involves the dissolution of cement hydration products. Many studies have focused on leaching in demineralised water or acid attacks, but mineral water still deserves further investigation. In most standards, the aggre...
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| author | Alienor Pouyanne Sonia Boudache Benoît Hilloulin Ahmed Loukili Emmanuel Roziere |
| author_facet | Alienor Pouyanne Sonia Boudache Benoît Hilloulin Ahmed Loukili Emmanuel Roziere |
| author_sort | Alienor Pouyanne |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The common phenomenon observed for concrete in aggressive water is leaching, which involves the dissolution of cement hydration products. Many studies have focused on leaching in demineralised water or acid attacks, but mineral water still deserves further investigation. In most standards, the aggressiveness of a given water body is determined by its pH and not its composition. The effect of the calcium content of the water on degradation is yet to be determined. In this paper, the leaching of Portland cement-based mortar was induced by two types of drinking water with different calcium contents and buffer capacity in controlled conditions. The Langelier saturation index (LSI) was used to describe water aggressiveness based on the calco-carbonic equilibrium. The studied waters had the same pH but LSIs of +0.5 and −1.0 corresponding to scaling with respect to aggressive water; demineralised water was used as a reference. Microstructural damage was checked by TGA and X-ray microtomography. Macroscopic measurements were used to monitor global degradation. The soft water caused a 53% deeper deterioration of the mortar sample than the hard water. Soft water-induced leaching was found to be similar yet slower to leaching via demineralised water (with a mass loss of −2.01% and −2.16% after 200 days, respectively). In contrast, hard water induced strongly time-dependent leaching, and the damage was located close to the surface. The roughness of leached specimens was 18% higher in hard water than in soft water. The formation of calcite on the sample surface not only affects the leaching rate by creating a protective surface layer, but it could also act as a calcium ion pump. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a964cd3ca9c94bb49817f4dfdbf63d402024-04-12T13:21:57ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-03-01177154810.3390/ma17071548Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based MaterialsAlienor Pouyanne0Sonia Boudache1Benoît Hilloulin2Ahmed Loukili3Emmanuel Roziere4Nantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Civil Engineering and Mechanics Research Institute (GeM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6183, 44000 Nantes, FranceNantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Civil Engineering and Mechanics Research Institute (GeM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6183, 44000 Nantes, FranceNantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Civil Engineering and Mechanics Research Institute (GeM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6183, 44000 Nantes, FranceNantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Civil Engineering and Mechanics Research Institute (GeM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6183, 44000 Nantes, FranceNantes Université, Ecole Centrale Nantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Civil Engineering and Mechanics Research Institute (GeM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6183, 44000 Nantes, FranceThe common phenomenon observed for concrete in aggressive water is leaching, which involves the dissolution of cement hydration products. Many studies have focused on leaching in demineralised water or acid attacks, but mineral water still deserves further investigation. In most standards, the aggressiveness of a given water body is determined by its pH and not its composition. The effect of the calcium content of the water on degradation is yet to be determined. In this paper, the leaching of Portland cement-based mortar was induced by two types of drinking water with different calcium contents and buffer capacity in controlled conditions. The Langelier saturation index (LSI) was used to describe water aggressiveness based on the calco-carbonic equilibrium. The studied waters had the same pH but LSIs of +0.5 and −1.0 corresponding to scaling with respect to aggressive water; demineralised water was used as a reference. Microstructural damage was checked by TGA and X-ray microtomography. Macroscopic measurements were used to monitor global degradation. The soft water caused a 53% deeper deterioration of the mortar sample than the hard water. Soft water-induced leaching was found to be similar yet slower to leaching via demineralised water (with a mass loss of −2.01% and −2.16% after 200 days, respectively). In contrast, hard water induced strongly time-dependent leaching, and the damage was located close to the surface. The roughness of leached specimens was 18% higher in hard water than in soft water. The formation of calcite on the sample surface not only affects the leaching rate by creating a protective surface layer, but it could also act as a calcium ion pump.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/7/1548leachingmineral watermortarcalcium ionmicrostructure3D microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Alienor Pouyanne Sonia Boudache Benoît Hilloulin Ahmed Loukili Emmanuel Roziere Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials Materials leaching mineral water mortar calcium ion microstructure 3D microscopy |
| title | Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials |
| title_full | Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials |
| title_short | Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Mineral Water Composition on the Leaching of Cement-Based Materials |
| title_sort | experimental investigation on the effects of mineral water composition on the leaching of cement based materials |
| topic | leaching mineral water mortar calcium ion microstructure 3D microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/7/1548 |
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