Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides
Bulk multiferroic ceramics have been extensively studied due to their great potential for magneto-electric coupling applications such as low-power and multifunctional nano-electronic devices. In most of these studies the macroscopic magnetic performance was investigated, while the magnetic response...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Crystals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/5/838 |
| _version_ | 1797600590295990272 |
|---|---|
| author | Hana Uršič Matej Šadl Uroš Prah Val Fišinger |
| author_facet | Hana Uršič Matej Šadl Uroš Prah Val Fišinger |
| author_sort | Hana Uršič |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bulk multiferroic ceramics have been extensively studied due to their great potential for magneto-electric coupling applications such as low-power and multifunctional nano-electronic devices. In most of these studies the macroscopic magnetic performance was investigated, while the magnetic response on the micro- and nano-scale was not examined in detail. Local magnetic phenomena can be studied using magnetic force microscopy (MFM), a technique derived from atomic force microscopy. MFM measures the magnetic force between the magnetised tip and the magnetic sample. It is one of the most used methods to characterise the structure of ferromagnetic domains, because the sample preparation is simple, non-destructive and provides a relatively high-resolution image. In this review paper we focus on the MFM analyses of bulk multiferroic ceramics. The core of the article is divided into four sections: the introduction, the preparation of samples prior to MFM examination, the reviews of MFM analyses performed on bulk multiferroic ceramics with and without external magnetic fields, and finally the conclusions and an outlook for the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:50:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a966b2af798e41e49e0b40f85f03a05c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:50:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-a966b2af798e41e49e0b40f85f03a05c2023-11-18T01:00:50ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-05-0113583810.3390/cryst13050838Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic OxidesHana Uršič0Matej Šadl1Uroš Prah2Val Fišinger3Electronic Ceramics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaElectronic Ceramics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaElectronic Ceramics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaElectronic Ceramics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaBulk multiferroic ceramics have been extensively studied due to their great potential for magneto-electric coupling applications such as low-power and multifunctional nano-electronic devices. In most of these studies the macroscopic magnetic performance was investigated, while the magnetic response on the micro- and nano-scale was not examined in detail. Local magnetic phenomena can be studied using magnetic force microscopy (MFM), a technique derived from atomic force microscopy. MFM measures the magnetic force between the magnetised tip and the magnetic sample. It is one of the most used methods to characterise the structure of ferromagnetic domains, because the sample preparation is simple, non-destructive and provides a relatively high-resolution image. In this review paper we focus on the MFM analyses of bulk multiferroic ceramics. The core of the article is divided into four sections: the introduction, the preparation of samples prior to MFM examination, the reviews of MFM analyses performed on bulk multiferroic ceramics with and without external magnetic fields, and finally the conclusions and an outlook for the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/5/838magnetic force microscopymultiferroicsbulk ceramic oxidesapplied external magnetic field |
| spellingShingle | Hana Uršič Matej Šadl Uroš Prah Val Fišinger Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides Crystals magnetic force microscopy multiferroics bulk ceramic oxides applied external magnetic field |
| title | Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides |
| title_full | Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides |
| title_short | Magnetic Force Microscopy of Multiferroic Bulk Ceramic Oxides |
| title_sort | magnetic force microscopy of multiferroic bulk ceramic oxides |
| topic | magnetic force microscopy multiferroics bulk ceramic oxides applied external magnetic field |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/5/838 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hanaursic magneticforcemicroscopyofmultiferroicbulkceramicoxides AT matejsadl magneticforcemicroscopyofmultiferroicbulkceramicoxides AT urosprah magneticforcemicroscopyofmultiferroicbulkceramicoxides AT valfisinger magneticforcemicroscopyofmultiferroicbulkceramicoxides |