Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs.
Despite the absence of a confirmed exogenously replicating retrovirus in Canis lupus familiaris (C. familiaris), past retroviral infections are evident in the genomes of living animals via the presence of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Although gammaretrovirus-like transcripts and enzyme activities...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-12-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011083&type=printable |
| _version_ | 1797376230710837248 |
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| author | Abigail S Jarosz Amanda L Pendleton Michael J Lashbrook Erica Cech Madison Altieri Austin Kunch Jaime F Modiano Julia V Halo |
| author_facet | Abigail S Jarosz Amanda L Pendleton Michael J Lashbrook Erica Cech Madison Altieri Austin Kunch Jaime F Modiano Julia V Halo |
| author_sort | Abigail S Jarosz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the absence of a confirmed exogenously replicating retrovirus in Canis lupus familiaris (C. familiaris), past retroviral infections are evident in the genomes of living animals via the presence of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Although gammaretrovirus-like transcripts and enzyme activities were previously reported to be present in canine leukemias and lymphomas, those findings were not further explored. Initial analysis of the C. familiaris reference genome revealed a minor subset of one ERV lineage, classified as CfERV-Fc1(a), or Fc1(a) here, with features characteristic of recent integration, including the presence of ORFs and identical or nearly identical LTRs. Our previous analysis of whole genome sequence data belonging to extant Canidae revealed a burst of past infections in Canis ancestors resulting in numerous young, polymorphic, and highly intact loci now segregating in dogs. Here, we demonstrate the expression of full-length Fc1(a) proviruses in tissues collected from healthy animals and from animals with cancer. We observed significantly higher expression in samples of dogs with various cancer diagnoses when compared to samples from healthy dogs. Genotyping of insertionally polymorphic Fc1(a) loci identified candidate expressed proviruses and delineated distributions over sample groups. Collectively, the data show that Fc1(a) proviruses retain biological activity in the domestic dog and provides a means to examine potential genetic links with disease states in this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:35:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a97a8ccac21d405fb1b2aab8ff9460f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:35:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a97a8ccac21d405fb1b2aab8ff9460f42023-12-26T05:31:13ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042023-12-011912e101108310.1371/journal.pgen.1011083Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs.Abigail S JaroszAmanda L PendletonMichael J LashbrookErica CechMadison AltieriAustin KunchJaime F ModianoJulia V HaloDespite the absence of a confirmed exogenously replicating retrovirus in Canis lupus familiaris (C. familiaris), past retroviral infections are evident in the genomes of living animals via the presence of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Although gammaretrovirus-like transcripts and enzyme activities were previously reported to be present in canine leukemias and lymphomas, those findings were not further explored. Initial analysis of the C. familiaris reference genome revealed a minor subset of one ERV lineage, classified as CfERV-Fc1(a), or Fc1(a) here, with features characteristic of recent integration, including the presence of ORFs and identical or nearly identical LTRs. Our previous analysis of whole genome sequence data belonging to extant Canidae revealed a burst of past infections in Canis ancestors resulting in numerous young, polymorphic, and highly intact loci now segregating in dogs. Here, we demonstrate the expression of full-length Fc1(a) proviruses in tissues collected from healthy animals and from animals with cancer. We observed significantly higher expression in samples of dogs with various cancer diagnoses when compared to samples from healthy dogs. Genotyping of insertionally polymorphic Fc1(a) loci identified candidate expressed proviruses and delineated distributions over sample groups. Collectively, the data show that Fc1(a) proviruses retain biological activity in the domestic dog and provides a means to examine potential genetic links with disease states in this species.https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011083&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Abigail S Jarosz Amanda L Pendleton Michael J Lashbrook Erica Cech Madison Altieri Austin Kunch Jaime F Modiano Julia V Halo Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. |
| title_full | Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. |
| title_fullStr | Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. |
| title_short | Expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs. |
| title_sort | expression and high levels of insertional polymorphism of an endogenous gammaretrovirus lineage in dogs |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011083&type=printable |
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