Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact
Abstract For the protection of the human head by energy absorption structures, a soft mechanical response upon contact with the head is required to mitigate the effect of impact, while a hard mechanical response for highly efficient energy absorption is required to stop the movement of the head. Thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39200-8 |
| _version_ | 1797769518370521088 |
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| author | Sunao Tomita Kento Shimanuki Shin Oyama Hidekazu Nishigaki Toshiaki Nakagawa Masakazu Tsutsui Youhei Emura Masahiko Chino Hirokazu Tanaka Yoshinobu Itou Kazuhiko Umemoto |
| author_facet | Sunao Tomita Kento Shimanuki Shin Oyama Hidekazu Nishigaki Toshiaki Nakagawa Masakazu Tsutsui Youhei Emura Masahiko Chino Hirokazu Tanaka Yoshinobu Itou Kazuhiko Umemoto |
| author_sort | Sunao Tomita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract For the protection of the human head by energy absorption structures, a soft mechanical response upon contact with the head is required to mitigate the effect of impact, while a hard mechanical response for highly efficient energy absorption is required to stop the movement of the head. This study realized the opposite mechanical properties during head protection by transitioning the deformation mode from bending to auxetic compression. First, non-linear finite element (FE) models were constructed to numerically reproduce the bending behavior. The calculated force responses agreed well with forces in bending tests. Using the FE models, the EA structures with proper transition of deformation modes were designed and installed in the seat headrests of real vehicles. Head protection was evaluated by dynamic loading in sled testing, in which the force on the head of the crash test dummy was measured. The head injury criterion improved from 274 to 155, indicating the superior performance of the tested structures compared to that achieved by energy absorption structures based on steel plates. Moreover, the deformation of auxetic structures prevented neck bending by holding the head. These findings present new possibilities for effectively protecting the human body by mitigating impact, facilitating energy absorption, and ensuring head stability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:10:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9815f13d54149b8abd1ebc8e34e2f3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:10:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9815f13d54149b8abd1ebc8e34e2f3a2023-07-30T11:15:38ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-07-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-39200-8Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impactSunao Tomita0Kento Shimanuki1Shin Oyama2Hidekazu Nishigaki3Toshiaki Nakagawa4Masakazu Tsutsui5Youhei Emura6Masahiko Chino7Hirokazu Tanaka8Yoshinobu Itou9Kazuhiko Umemoto10Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Vehicle Structure & Performance Development Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO.,LTD.Vehicle Structure & Performance Development Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO.,LTD.Vehicle Structure & Performance Development Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO.,LTD.Vehicle Structure & Performance Development Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO.,LTD.Vehicle Architecture Engineering Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO., LTD.Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.Abstract For the protection of the human head by energy absorption structures, a soft mechanical response upon contact with the head is required to mitigate the effect of impact, while a hard mechanical response for highly efficient energy absorption is required to stop the movement of the head. This study realized the opposite mechanical properties during head protection by transitioning the deformation mode from bending to auxetic compression. First, non-linear finite element (FE) models were constructed to numerically reproduce the bending behavior. The calculated force responses agreed well with forces in bending tests. Using the FE models, the EA structures with proper transition of deformation modes were designed and installed in the seat headrests of real vehicles. Head protection was evaluated by dynamic loading in sled testing, in which the force on the head of the crash test dummy was measured. The head injury criterion improved from 274 to 155, indicating the superior performance of the tested structures compared to that achieved by energy absorption structures based on steel plates. Moreover, the deformation of auxetic structures prevented neck bending by holding the head. These findings present new possibilities for effectively protecting the human body by mitigating impact, facilitating energy absorption, and ensuring head stability.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39200-8 |
| spellingShingle | Sunao Tomita Kento Shimanuki Shin Oyama Hidekazu Nishigaki Toshiaki Nakagawa Masakazu Tsutsui Youhei Emura Masahiko Chino Hirokazu Tanaka Yoshinobu Itou Kazuhiko Umemoto Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact Scientific Reports |
| title | Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| title_full | Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| title_fullStr | Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| title_short | Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| title_sort | transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami based metamaterials for head protection from impact |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39200-8 |
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