Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia
There is limited understanding of the genetic variability in <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> in the major potato cultivation region of north-western Russia, where potato is grown primarily by small households with limited chemical treatment of late blight. In this study, the mating type, s...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/472 |
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| author | Eve Runno-Paurson Collins A. Agho Nadezda Zoteyeva Mati Koppel Merili Hansen Tiit Hallikma David E. L. Cooke Helina Nassar Ülo Niinemets |
| author_facet | Eve Runno-Paurson Collins A. Agho Nadezda Zoteyeva Mati Koppel Merili Hansen Tiit Hallikma David E. L. Cooke Helina Nassar Ülo Niinemets |
| author_sort | Eve Runno-Paurson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is limited understanding of the genetic variability in <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> in the major potato cultivation region of north-western Russia, where potato is grown primarily by small households with limited chemical treatment of late blight. In this study, the mating type, sensitivity to metalaxyl, and genotype and population genetic diversity (based on 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers) of 238 isolates of <i>P. infestans</i> from the Pskov region during the years 2010–2013 were characterized. The aim was to examine the population structure, phenotypic and genotypic diversity, and the prevalent reproductive mode of <i>P. infestans</i>, as well as the influence of the location, time, and agricultural management practices on the pathogen population. The frequency of the A2 mating was stable over the four seasons and ranged from 33 to 48% of the sampled population. Both mating types occurred simultaneously in 90% of studied fields, suggesting the presence of sexual reproduction and oospore production in <i>P. infestans</i> in the Pskov region. Metalaxyl-sensitive isolates prevailed in all four years (72%), however, significantly fewer sensitive isolates were found in samples from large-scale conventional fields. A total of 50 alleles were detected in the 141 <i>P. infestans</i> isolates analyzed for genetic diversity. Amongst the 83 SSR multilocus genotypes (MLGs) detected, 65% were unique and the number of MLGs varied between locations from 3 to 20. These results, together with the high genotypic diversity observed in all the locations and the lack of significance of linkage disequilibrium, suggest that sexual recombination is likely responsible for the unique MLGs and the high genetic diversity found in the Pskov region population, resembling those of north-eastern European populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:37:51Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:37:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9924ad182d74927aa6259944cde33712023-11-23T11:41:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-04-018547210.3390/jof8050472Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West RussiaEve Runno-Paurson0Collins A. Agho1Nadezda Zoteyeva2Mati Koppel3Merili Hansen4Tiit Hallikma5David E. L. Cooke6Helina Nassar7Ülo Niinemets8Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaN. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 St. Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaThe James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UKInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaThere is limited understanding of the genetic variability in <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> in the major potato cultivation region of north-western Russia, where potato is grown primarily by small households with limited chemical treatment of late blight. In this study, the mating type, sensitivity to metalaxyl, and genotype and population genetic diversity (based on 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers) of 238 isolates of <i>P. infestans</i> from the Pskov region during the years 2010–2013 were characterized. The aim was to examine the population structure, phenotypic and genotypic diversity, and the prevalent reproductive mode of <i>P. infestans</i>, as well as the influence of the location, time, and agricultural management practices on the pathogen population. The frequency of the A2 mating was stable over the four seasons and ranged from 33 to 48% of the sampled population. Both mating types occurred simultaneously in 90% of studied fields, suggesting the presence of sexual reproduction and oospore production in <i>P. infestans</i> in the Pskov region. Metalaxyl-sensitive isolates prevailed in all four years (72%), however, significantly fewer sensitive isolates were found in samples from large-scale conventional fields. A total of 50 alleles were detected in the 141 <i>P. infestans</i> isolates analyzed for genetic diversity. Amongst the 83 SSR multilocus genotypes (MLGs) detected, 65% were unique and the number of MLGs varied between locations from 3 to 20. These results, together with the high genotypic diversity observed in all the locations and the lack of significance of linkage disequilibrium, suggest that sexual recombination is likely responsible for the unique MLGs and the high genetic diversity found in the Pskov region population, resembling those of north-eastern European populations.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/472late blightSSR markersgenetic diversitymating typemetalaxyl resistance |
| spellingShingle | Eve Runno-Paurson Collins A. Agho Nadezda Zoteyeva Mati Koppel Merili Hansen Tiit Hallikma David E. L. Cooke Helina Nassar Ülo Niinemets Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia Journal of Fungi late blight SSR markers genetic diversity mating type metalaxyl resistance |
| title | Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia |
| title_full | Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia |
| title_fullStr | Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia |
| title_short | Highly Diverse <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> Populations Infecting Potato Crops in Pskov Region, North-West Russia |
| title_sort | highly diverse i phytophthora infestans i populations infecting potato crops in pskov region north west russia |
| topic | late blight SSR markers genetic diversity mating type metalaxyl resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/472 |
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