Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia
Casuarina equisetifolia is an important tree of the forest, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, providing fuelwood, land reclamation, dune stabilization, paper production, and nitrogen fixation. We have developed a systematic in vitro propagation protocol in C. equisetifolia using nodal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.905444/full |
| _version_ | 1811308703301763072 |
|---|---|
| author | Zishan Ahmad Zishan Ahmad Vikas Yadav Anwar Shahzad Abolghassem Emamverdian Abolghassem Emamverdian Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Yulong Ding Yulong Ding |
| author_facet | Zishan Ahmad Zishan Ahmad Vikas Yadav Anwar Shahzad Abolghassem Emamverdian Abolghassem Emamverdian Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Yulong Ding Yulong Ding |
| author_sort | Zishan Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Casuarina equisetifolia is an important tree of the forest, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, providing fuelwood, land reclamation, dune stabilization, paper production, and nitrogen fixation. We have developed a systematic in vitro propagation protocol in C. equisetifolia using nodal segments (NS). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with BA (5.0 μM) and NAA (0.5 μM) gave rise to a maximum of 32.00 ± 0.31 shoots per explant (S/E) with shoot length (SL) of 3.94 ± 0.02 cm, and a maximum of 70% regeneration potential (RP) was recorded after 8 weeks of post inoculation. For root induction, in vitro derived shoots were transferred to the nutrient medium consisting of a half-strength (½) MS medium augmented with 2.5 μM NAA, which produced a maximum of 12.68 ± 0.33 roots/shoot (R/S) with 3.04 ± 0.50 cm root length (RL) in 60% of culture after 6 weeks. Micropropagated plants with healthy shoots and roots were successfully acclimatized in vermicompost + garden soil + sand (1:2:1) and a maximum survival percentage of 95.1% was recorded. NS was taken from a 6-weeks-old in vitro derived plant of C. equisetifolia for synthetic seed production, and it was reported that CaCl2 · 2H2O (100 mM) + Na2-alginate (4%) resulted in clear and uniform beads. Furthermore, the maximum conversion of synthetic seeds into plantlets occurred over a period of 4 weeks of storage at 4°C. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of direct shoot buds without any intermediate callus formation. In addition, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the direct regenerated and mother plant were compared. Similarly, RAPD and ISSR primers were used for genetic homogeneity assessment of the direct regenerated plants, where a total of 18 and 19, respectively, clear and reproducible bands with 100% monomorphism were recorded. The developed micropropagation protocol can certainly be used for large-scale multiplication and germplasm preservation of C. equisetifolia. It will also help in meeting the growing demands of C. equisetifolia in the forest industry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:29:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a99f6dee66fe473c8bdd9d1f09e70a4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:29:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a99f6dee66fe473c8bdd9d1f09e70a4c2022-12-22T02:52:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-08-011310.3389/fpls.2022.905444905444Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifoliaZishan Ahmad0Zishan Ahmad1Vikas Yadav2Anwar Shahzad3Abolghassem Emamverdian4Abolghassem Emamverdian5Muthusamy Ramakrishnan6Muthusamy Ramakrishnan7Yulong Ding8Yulong Ding9Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaBamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaPlant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaPlant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaCo-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaBamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaCo-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaBamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaCo-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaBamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, ChinaCasuarina equisetifolia is an important tree of the forest, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, providing fuelwood, land reclamation, dune stabilization, paper production, and nitrogen fixation. We have developed a systematic in vitro propagation protocol in C. equisetifolia using nodal segments (NS). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with BA (5.0 μM) and NAA (0.5 μM) gave rise to a maximum of 32.00 ± 0.31 shoots per explant (S/E) with shoot length (SL) of 3.94 ± 0.02 cm, and a maximum of 70% regeneration potential (RP) was recorded after 8 weeks of post inoculation. For root induction, in vitro derived shoots were transferred to the nutrient medium consisting of a half-strength (½) MS medium augmented with 2.5 μM NAA, which produced a maximum of 12.68 ± 0.33 roots/shoot (R/S) with 3.04 ± 0.50 cm root length (RL) in 60% of culture after 6 weeks. Micropropagated plants with healthy shoots and roots were successfully acclimatized in vermicompost + garden soil + sand (1:2:1) and a maximum survival percentage of 95.1% was recorded. NS was taken from a 6-weeks-old in vitro derived plant of C. equisetifolia for synthetic seed production, and it was reported that CaCl2 · 2H2O (100 mM) + Na2-alginate (4%) resulted in clear and uniform beads. Furthermore, the maximum conversion of synthetic seeds into plantlets occurred over a period of 4 weeks of storage at 4°C. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of direct shoot buds without any intermediate callus formation. In addition, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the direct regenerated and mother plant were compared. Similarly, RAPD and ISSR primers were used for genetic homogeneity assessment of the direct regenerated plants, where a total of 18 and 19, respectively, clear and reproducible bands with 100% monomorphism were recorded. The developed micropropagation protocol can certainly be used for large-scale multiplication and germplasm preservation of C. equisetifolia. It will also help in meeting the growing demands of C. equisetifolia in the forest industry.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.905444/fullCasuarina equisetifoliagenetic fidelity assessmentmicropropagation acclimatizationphysiological assessmentsynthetic seed production |
| spellingShingle | Zishan Ahmad Zishan Ahmad Vikas Yadav Anwar Shahzad Abolghassem Emamverdian Abolghassem Emamverdian Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Yulong Ding Yulong Ding Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia Frontiers in Plant Science Casuarina equisetifolia genetic fidelity assessment micropropagation acclimatization physiological assessment synthetic seed production |
| title | Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia |
| title_full | Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia |
| title_fullStr | Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia |
| title_short | Micropropagation, encapsulation, physiological, and genetic homogeneity assessment in Casuarina equisetifolia |
| title_sort | micropropagation encapsulation physiological and genetic homogeneity assessment in casuarina equisetifolia |
| topic | Casuarina equisetifolia genetic fidelity assessment micropropagation acclimatization physiological assessment synthetic seed production |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.905444/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zishanahmad micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT zishanahmad micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT vikasyadav micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT anwarshahzad micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT abolghassememamverdian micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT abolghassememamverdian micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT muthusamyramakrishnan micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT muthusamyramakrishnan micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT yulongding micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia AT yulongding micropropagationencapsulationphysiologicalandgenetichomogeneityassessmentincasuarinaequisetifolia |