A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive
The conventional phase-locked loops or frequency-locked loops should take time to calibrate the oscillator’s resonant frequency in a super-regenerative receiver (SRR) and severely disrupts the receiver’s operations. This paper proposes a novel intermittent frequency locked loop...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9923916/ |
| _version_ | 1828095369394782208 |
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| author | Yadong Yin Yitao Huang Zhizhang Chen Sio-Hang Pun Yipeng Liao Yueming Gao Mang I. Vai |
| author_facet | Yadong Yin Yitao Huang Zhizhang Chen Sio-Hang Pun Yipeng Liao Yueming Gao Mang I. Vai |
| author_sort | Yadong Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The conventional phase-locked loops or frequency-locked loops should take time to calibrate the oscillator’s resonant frequency in a super-regenerative receiver (SRR) and severely disrupts the receiver’s operations. This paper proposes a novel intermittent frequency locked loop (IFLL) as a frequency synthesizer to continuously maintain the resonant frequency equal to the preset target frequency without interruption to the SRR. An analog loop mainly composed of a time-register-based frequency detector and a charge pump is proposed to achieve precise frequency detection during each SRR’s quenching period regardless of the inevitable initial phase error, and adjust SRR’s resonant frequency accordingly. An average fractional division scheme is adopted to improve IFLL’s frequency resolution to the level of the quenching frequency. The operations of the IFLL are analyzed with the z-domain transfer function, including the stability and frequency response. A prototype is built and tested. The measurement results show that the proposed IFLL only needs a calibration cycle of fewer than 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to adjust SRR’s resonant frequency without interruption against its receiving. The real-time frequency error after calibration is smaller than 70 kHz. SRR opposes a sensitivity of −61.2 dBm @ 200 kbps and a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.2 MHz. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:12:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9bc0024ccbd45f692a88e9565beba5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:12:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9bc0024ccbd45f692a88e9565beba5c2022-12-22T04:38:10ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-011011562411563410.1109/ACCESS.2022.32155639923916A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative ReceiveYadong Yin0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-8348Yitao Huang1Zhizhang Chen2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-2514Sio-Hang Pun3Yipeng Liao4Yueming Gao5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-6043Mang I. Vai6School of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, ChinaSchool of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, ChinaSchool of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, ChinaSchool of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, ChinaSchool of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, ChinaFujian-Macao Cooperation Base on Wireless Intelligent Sensing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, ChinaThe conventional phase-locked loops or frequency-locked loops should take time to calibrate the oscillator’s resonant frequency in a super-regenerative receiver (SRR) and severely disrupts the receiver’s operations. This paper proposes a novel intermittent frequency locked loop (IFLL) as a frequency synthesizer to continuously maintain the resonant frequency equal to the preset target frequency without interruption to the SRR. An analog loop mainly composed of a time-register-based frequency detector and a charge pump is proposed to achieve precise frequency detection during each SRR’s quenching period regardless of the inevitable initial phase error, and adjust SRR’s resonant frequency accordingly. An average fractional division scheme is adopted to improve IFLL’s frequency resolution to the level of the quenching frequency. The operations of the IFLL are analyzed with the z-domain transfer function, including the stability and frequency response. A prototype is built and tested. The measurement results show that the proposed IFLL only needs a calibration cycle of fewer than 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to adjust SRR’s resonant frequency without interruption against its receiving. The real-time frequency error after calibration is smaller than 70 kHz. SRR opposes a sensitivity of −61.2 dBm @ 200 kbps and a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.2 MHz.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9923916/Average fractional division schemebackground frequency calibrationfrequency-locked loopinitial phase errorphase-locked loopsuper-regenerative receiver |
| spellingShingle | Yadong Yin Yitao Huang Zhizhang Chen Sio-Hang Pun Yipeng Liao Yueming Gao Mang I. Vai A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive IEEE Access Average fractional division scheme background frequency calibration frequency-locked loop initial phase error phase-locked loop super-regenerative receiver |
| title | A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive |
| title_full | A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive |
| title_fullStr | A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive |
| title_short | A Fast Background Frequency Calibration Based on Intermittent Frequency Locked Loop for the Super-Regenerative Receive |
| title_sort | fast background frequency calibration based on intermittent frequency locked loop for the super regenerative receive |
| topic | Average fractional division scheme background frequency calibration frequency-locked loop initial phase error phase-locked loop super-regenerative receiver |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9923916/ |
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