High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey
Abstract Background Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have become major but silent public health problems devastating women’s lives in Bangladesh. Accurately and precisely identifying high-risk areas of RTIs through high-resolution risk maps is meaningful for resource-limited settings. Methods We...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10360-4 |
| _version_ | 1819055035984642048 |
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| author | Chenyang Feng Ruixue Li Abu Ahmed Shamim Md Barkat Ullah Mengjie Li Rubee Dev Yijing Wang Tingting Zhao Jing Liao Zhicheng Du Yuheng Ling Yingsi Lai Yuantao Hao |
| author_facet | Chenyang Feng Ruixue Li Abu Ahmed Shamim Md Barkat Ullah Mengjie Li Rubee Dev Yijing Wang Tingting Zhao Jing Liao Zhicheng Du Yuheng Ling Yingsi Lai Yuantao Hao |
| author_sort | Chenyang Feng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have become major but silent public health problems devastating women’s lives in Bangladesh. Accurately and precisely identifying high-risk areas of RTIs through high-resolution risk maps is meaningful for resource-limited settings. Methods We obtained data reported with RTI symptoms by women of childbearing age in the years 2007, 2011 and 2014 from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. High-spatial Environmental, socio-economic and demographic layers were downloaded from different open-access data sources. We applied Bayesian spatial-temporal models to identify important influencing factors and to estimate the infection risk at 5 km spatial resolution across survey years in Bangladesh. Results We estimated that in Bangladesh, there were approximate 11.1% (95% Bayesian credible interval, BCI: 10.5–11.7%), 13.9% (95% BCI: 13.3–14.5%) and 13.4% (95% BCI: 12.8–14.0%) of women of childbearing age reported with RTI symptoms in 2007, 2011 and 2014, respectively. The risk of most areas shows an obvious increase from 2007 to 2011, then became stable between 2011 and 2014. High risk areas were identified in the southern coastal areas, the western Rajshahi Division, the middle of Khulna Division, and the southwestern Chittagong Division in 2014. The prevalence of Rajshahi and Nawabganj District were increasing during all the survey years. Conclusion The high-resolution risk maps of RTIs we produced can guide the control strategies targeted to priority areas cost-effectively. More than one eighth of women of childbearing age reported symptoms suggesting RTIs and the risk of RTIs varies in different geographical area, urging the government to pay more attention to the worrying situation of female RTIs in the country. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:01:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9bf16293173431b966f19a304d99d8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:01:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9bf16293173431b966f19a304d99d8c2022-12-21T19:03:11ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582021-02-0121111610.1186/s12889-021-10360-4High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health surveyChenyang Feng0Ruixue Li1Abu Ahmed Shamim2Md Barkat Ullah3Mengjie Li4Rubee Dev5Yijing Wang6Tingting Zhao7Jing Liao8Zhicheng Du9Yuheng Ling10Yingsi Lai11Yuantao Hao12Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityJames P Grant School of public Health, BRAC UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, University of California DavisDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University HospitalDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityCNRS UMR 6240, Universite de Corse Pascal PaoliDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityAbstract Background Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have become major but silent public health problems devastating women’s lives in Bangladesh. Accurately and precisely identifying high-risk areas of RTIs through high-resolution risk maps is meaningful for resource-limited settings. Methods We obtained data reported with RTI symptoms by women of childbearing age in the years 2007, 2011 and 2014 from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. High-spatial Environmental, socio-economic and demographic layers were downloaded from different open-access data sources. We applied Bayesian spatial-temporal models to identify important influencing factors and to estimate the infection risk at 5 km spatial resolution across survey years in Bangladesh. Results We estimated that in Bangladesh, there were approximate 11.1% (95% Bayesian credible interval, BCI: 10.5–11.7%), 13.9% (95% BCI: 13.3–14.5%) and 13.4% (95% BCI: 12.8–14.0%) of women of childbearing age reported with RTI symptoms in 2007, 2011 and 2014, respectively. The risk of most areas shows an obvious increase from 2007 to 2011, then became stable between 2011 and 2014. High risk areas were identified in the southern coastal areas, the western Rajshahi Division, the middle of Khulna Division, and the southwestern Chittagong Division in 2014. The prevalence of Rajshahi and Nawabganj District were increasing during all the survey years. Conclusion The high-resolution risk maps of RTIs we produced can guide the control strategies targeted to priority areas cost-effectively. More than one eighth of women of childbearing age reported symptoms suggesting RTIs and the risk of RTIs varies in different geographical area, urging the government to pay more attention to the worrying situation of female RTIs in the country.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10360-4Reproductive tract infectionsSpatial-temporal analysisHigh-resolution mapBangladesh |
| spellingShingle | Chenyang Feng Ruixue Li Abu Ahmed Shamim Md Barkat Ullah Mengjie Li Rubee Dev Yijing Wang Tingting Zhao Jing Liao Zhicheng Du Yuheng Ling Yingsi Lai Yuantao Hao High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey BMC Public Health Reproductive tract infections Spatial-temporal analysis High-resolution map Bangladesh |
| title | High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| title_full | High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| title_fullStr | High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| title_short | High-resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in Bangladesh: a spatial-temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| title_sort | high resolution mapping of reproductive tract infections among women of childbearing age in bangladesh a spatial temporal analysis of the demographic and health survey |
| topic | Reproductive tract infections Spatial-temporal analysis High-resolution map Bangladesh |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10360-4 |
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