Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM
The high spatial and temporal resolution of recently developed evapotranspiration (ET) products facilitates agricultural water-savings in irrigated areas as well as improved estimates of crop yield, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, cloud cover interferes with ET estimates, in parti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/462 |
| _version_ | 1797318273160708096 |
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| author | Sinuo Tao Lisheng Song Gengle Zhao Long Zhao |
| author_facet | Sinuo Tao Lisheng Song Gengle Zhao Long Zhao |
| author_sort | Sinuo Tao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The high spatial and temporal resolution of recently developed evapotranspiration (ET) products facilitates agricultural water-savings in irrigated areas as well as improved estimates of crop yield, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, cloud cover interferes with ET estimates, in particular when using thermal-infrared-based models in temperate and tropical regions. Previous studies have shown that the two-source energy balance (TSEB) model coupled with soil moisture (TSEB-SM) has great potential for estimating surface ET by overcoming this issue. In this study, the TSEB-SM model was first used to generate a spatiotemporally continuous 1 km daily ET dataset across the Heihe River Basin in China from 2000 to 2020, which was then evaluated against four spatially distributed sites (Arou, Huazhaizi, Daman, and Sidaoqiao) and further compared with the two most widely used daily ET datasets (PML-V2 (Penman–Monteith–Leuning) and SEBAL (surface energy balance algorithm for land)). The results showed that the newly developed ET dataset agrees well with ground-based observations and outperforms the PML-V2 and SEBAL products in precisely characterizing the seasonal fluctuations and spatial distribution as well as the spatiotemporal trends of ET. In particular, ET in the Heihe River Basin exhibits clear regional differences. The upstream and midstream grassland and irrigated oasis areas provide much higher annual ET than the downstream desert areas, with a difference of up to 600 mm/year. A three-cornered hat (TCH)-based pixel-by-pixel analysis further demonstrated that the TSEB-SM and PML-V2 products have substantially smaller relative uncertainties as compared to SEBAL ET. In general, the proposed ET datasets are expected to be more beneficial for irrigation scheduling and to provide more efficient water management across the Heihe River Basin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9c36d111a414989b125a940db579b59 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9c36d111a414989b125a940db579b592024-02-09T15:21:11ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-01-0116346210.3390/rs16030462Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SMSinuo Tao0Lisheng Song1Gengle Zhao2Long Zhao3School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaSchool of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, ChinaSchool of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaSchool of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaThe high spatial and temporal resolution of recently developed evapotranspiration (ET) products facilitates agricultural water-savings in irrigated areas as well as improved estimates of crop yield, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, cloud cover interferes with ET estimates, in particular when using thermal-infrared-based models in temperate and tropical regions. Previous studies have shown that the two-source energy balance (TSEB) model coupled with soil moisture (TSEB-SM) has great potential for estimating surface ET by overcoming this issue. In this study, the TSEB-SM model was first used to generate a spatiotemporally continuous 1 km daily ET dataset across the Heihe River Basin in China from 2000 to 2020, which was then evaluated against four spatially distributed sites (Arou, Huazhaizi, Daman, and Sidaoqiao) and further compared with the two most widely used daily ET datasets (PML-V2 (Penman–Monteith–Leuning) and SEBAL (surface energy balance algorithm for land)). The results showed that the newly developed ET dataset agrees well with ground-based observations and outperforms the PML-V2 and SEBAL products in precisely characterizing the seasonal fluctuations and spatial distribution as well as the spatiotemporal trends of ET. In particular, ET in the Heihe River Basin exhibits clear regional differences. The upstream and midstream grassland and irrigated oasis areas provide much higher annual ET than the downstream desert areas, with a difference of up to 600 mm/year. A three-cornered hat (TCH)-based pixel-by-pixel analysis further demonstrated that the TSEB-SM and PML-V2 products have substantially smaller relative uncertainties as compared to SEBAL ET. In general, the proposed ET datasets are expected to be more beneficial for irrigation scheduling and to provide more efficient water management across the Heihe River Basin.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/462ETTSEB-SMTCHmodelHeihe River Basin |
| spellingShingle | Sinuo Tao Lisheng Song Gengle Zhao Long Zhao Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM Remote Sensing ET TSEB-SM TCH model Heihe River Basin |
| title | Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM |
| title_full | Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM |
| title_fullStr | Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM |
| title_short | Simulation and Assessment of Daily Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin over a Long Time Series Based on TSEB-SM |
| title_sort | simulation and assessment of daily evapotranspiration in the heihe river basin over a long time series based on tseb sm |
| topic | ET TSEB-SM TCH model Heihe River Basin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/462 |
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