A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications
This paper presents the design and implementation of a printed circuit microwave band-pass filter for 5G mid-band applications, using a Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator (SL-MMR) technique. The objective of this article is to introduce a low-cost microstrip filter with improved passband and stopba...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/4/450 |
| _version_ | 1797396881567907840 |
|---|---|
| author | Falih M. Alnahwi Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir Abdulghafor A. Abdulhameed Abdulkareem S. Abdullah Raed A. Abd-Alhameed |
| author_facet | Falih M. Alnahwi Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir Abdulghafor A. Abdulhameed Abdulkareem S. Abdullah Raed A. Abd-Alhameed |
| author_sort | Falih M. Alnahwi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents the design and implementation of a printed circuit microwave band-pass filter for 5G mid-band applications, using a Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator (SL-MMR) technique. The objective of this article is to introduce a low-cost microstrip filter with improved passband and stopband characteristics, based on a mathematical analysis of stub loaded resonators. The filter cost is reduced by selecting the low-cost FR4 dielectric material as a substrate for the proposed filter. Based on the transmission line model of the filter, mathematical expressions are derived to predict the odd-mode and the even-mode resonant frequencies of the SL-MMR. The mathematical model also highlights the capability of controlling the position of the SL-MMR resonant frequencies, so that the 5G sub-band that extends along the range (3.7–4.2 GHz) can perfectly be covered with almost a flat passband. At the resonance frequency, a fractional bandwidth of 12.8% (500 MHz impedance bandwidth) has been obtained with a return loss of more than 18 dB and an insertion loss of less than 2.5 dB over the targeted bandwidth. Furthermore, a pair of parasitic elements is attached to the proposed filter to create an additional transmission zero in the lower stopband of the filter to enhance the suppression of the filter stopband. The measured and simulation results are well agreed, and both reveal the acceptable performance of the stopband and passband characteristics of the filter. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:57:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9c9466ca5c24b719b8cc25658c80878 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:57:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9c9466ca5c24b719b8cc25658c808782023-12-11T16:47:15ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922021-02-0110445010.3390/electronics10040450A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band ApplicationsFalih M. Alnahwi0Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir1Abdulghafor A. Abdulhameed2Abdulkareem S. Abdullah3Raed A. Abd-Alhameed4Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, IraqFaculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UKDepartment of Applied Electronics and Telecommunication, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Plzeň 3, Czech RepublicDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, IraqFaculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UKThis paper presents the design and implementation of a printed circuit microwave band-pass filter for 5G mid-band applications, using a Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator (SL-MMR) technique. The objective of this article is to introduce a low-cost microstrip filter with improved passband and stopband characteristics, based on a mathematical analysis of stub loaded resonators. The filter cost is reduced by selecting the low-cost FR4 dielectric material as a substrate for the proposed filter. Based on the transmission line model of the filter, mathematical expressions are derived to predict the odd-mode and the even-mode resonant frequencies of the SL-MMR. The mathematical model also highlights the capability of controlling the position of the SL-MMR resonant frequencies, so that the 5G sub-band that extends along the range (3.7–4.2 GHz) can perfectly be covered with almost a flat passband. At the resonance frequency, a fractional bandwidth of 12.8% (500 MHz impedance bandwidth) has been obtained with a return loss of more than 18 dB and an insertion loss of less than 2.5 dB over the targeted bandwidth. Furthermore, a pair of parasitic elements is attached to the proposed filter to create an additional transmission zero in the lower stopband of the filter to enhance the suppression of the filter stopband. The measured and simulation results are well agreed, and both reveal the acceptable performance of the stopband and passband characteristics of the filter.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/4/450microwave5GStub Loaded Multiple Mode ResonatorfilterFR4 |
| spellingShingle | Falih M. Alnahwi Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir Abdulghafor A. Abdulhameed Abdulkareem S. Abdullah Raed A. Abd-Alhameed A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications Electronics microwave 5G Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator filter FR4 |
| title | A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications |
| title_full | A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications |
| title_fullStr | A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications |
| title_short | A Low-Cost Microwave Filter with Improved Passband and Stopband Characteristics Using Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator for 5G Mid-Band Applications |
| title_sort | low cost microwave filter with improved passband and stopband characteristics using stub loaded multiple mode resonator for 5g mid band applications |
| topic | microwave 5G Stub Loaded Multiple Mode Resonator filter FR4 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/4/450 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT falihmalnahwi alowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT yasiriaalyasir alowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT abdulghaforaabdulhameed alowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT abdulkareemsabdullah alowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT raedaabdalhameed alowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT falihmalnahwi lowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT yasiriaalyasir lowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT abdulghaforaabdulhameed lowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT abdulkareemsabdullah lowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications AT raedaabdalhameed lowcostmicrowavefilterwithimprovedpassbandandstopbandcharacteristicsusingstubloadedmultiplemoderesonatorfor5gmidbandapplications |