Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions
Tannin accumulation and composition were determined in skins and seeds isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah grapes submitted to contrasting water regimes under semiarid climatic conditions. Three irrigation treatments were conducted, starting at berry set through harvest of two growing seasons, 20...
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MDPI AG
2017-09-01
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| author | Maria Kyraleou Stamatina Kallithraka Nikolaos Theodorou Pierre-Louis Teissedre Yorgos Kotseridis Stefanos Koundouras |
| author_facet | Maria Kyraleou Stamatina Kallithraka Nikolaos Theodorou Pierre-Louis Teissedre Yorgos Kotseridis Stefanos Koundouras |
| author_sort | Maria Kyraleou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tannin accumulation and composition were determined in skins and seeds isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah grapes submitted to contrasting water regimes under semiarid climatic conditions. Three irrigation treatments were conducted, starting at berry set through harvest of two growing seasons, 2011 and 2012: irrigation at 100% of crop evapotranspiration ETc (FI), irrigation at 50% of ETc (DI) and non-irrigated (NI). Seed total tannins did not vary with maturity but those of skins underwent a progressive decline (especially in 2011), expressed both on a fresh weight and on a per berry basis. Skin total tannin concentration and content per berry were increased under NI and DI conditions, mainly in 2012. In contrast, seed total tannins (in 2012) and flavan-3-ol monomers and tannin oligomers (both years) were higher in the fully irrigated vines (FI). Skin polymer size increased during ripening, NI and DI skins showing higher mean degree of polymerization (mDP) compared to FI at harvest. NI was also associated with a lower percentage of galloylation (%G) in skin oligomeric fraction (in 2012) and a lower percentage of prodelphinidins in the skin polymeric fraction (both years) at harvest. The mDP and %G of seed extracts did not vary during ripening and were higher in NI but only in 2012. According to the results, management of vine water status was shown to influence tannin amount and composition of Syrah grapes grown under semiarid conditions. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T10:43:22Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9de1e4c22c44f82b57ea61b97c7f1912022-12-21T19:43:29ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492017-09-01229145310.3390/molecules22091453molecules22091453Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water ConditionsMaria Kyraleou0Stamatina Kallithraka1Nikolaos Theodorou2Pierre-Louis Teissedre3Yorgos Kotseridis4Stefanos Koundouras5Laboratory of Enology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Enology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), EA 4577, Œnologie, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, University Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, FranceLaboratory of Enology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Viticulture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceTannin accumulation and composition were determined in skins and seeds isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah grapes submitted to contrasting water regimes under semiarid climatic conditions. Three irrigation treatments were conducted, starting at berry set through harvest of two growing seasons, 2011 and 2012: irrigation at 100% of crop evapotranspiration ETc (FI), irrigation at 50% of ETc (DI) and non-irrigated (NI). Seed total tannins did not vary with maturity but those of skins underwent a progressive decline (especially in 2011), expressed both on a fresh weight and on a per berry basis. Skin total tannin concentration and content per berry were increased under NI and DI conditions, mainly in 2012. In contrast, seed total tannins (in 2012) and flavan-3-ol monomers and tannin oligomers (both years) were higher in the fully irrigated vines (FI). Skin polymer size increased during ripening, NI and DI skins showing higher mean degree of polymerization (mDP) compared to FI at harvest. NI was also associated with a lower percentage of galloylation (%G) in skin oligomeric fraction (in 2012) and a lower percentage of prodelphinidins in the skin polymeric fraction (both years) at harvest. The mDP and %G of seed extracts did not vary during ripening and were higher in NI but only in 2012. According to the results, management of vine water status was shown to influence tannin amount and composition of Syrah grapes grown under semiarid conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/9/1453irrigationproanthocyanidinsflavan-3-olsgalloylationpolymerizationprodelphinidinsterminal and extension subunits |
| spellingShingle | Maria Kyraleou Stamatina Kallithraka Nikolaos Theodorou Pierre-Louis Teissedre Yorgos Kotseridis Stefanos Koundouras Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions Molecules irrigation proanthocyanidins flavan-3-ols galloylation polymerization prodelphinidins terminal and extension subunits |
| title | Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions |
| title_full | Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions |
| title_short | Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions |
| title_sort | changes in tannin composition of syrah grape skins and seeds during fruit ripening under contrasting water conditions |
| topic | irrigation proanthocyanidins flavan-3-ols galloylation polymerization prodelphinidins terminal and extension subunits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/9/1453 |
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