Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD), including neuropsychiatric or dysautonomic complaints, fatigue, or pain, are frequent and have a high impact on the patient’s quality of life. They are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated. In the recent years, the growing awareness o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/6/776 |
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| author | Cristina del Toro Pérez Laura Amaya Pascasio Antonio Arjona Padillo Jesús Olivares Romero María Victoria Mejías Olmedo Javier Fernández Pérez Manuel Payán Ortiz Patricia Martínez-Sánchez |
| author_facet | Cristina del Toro Pérez Laura Amaya Pascasio Antonio Arjona Padillo Jesús Olivares Romero María Victoria Mejías Olmedo Javier Fernández Pérez Manuel Payán Ortiz Patricia Martínez-Sánchez |
| author_sort | Cristina del Toro Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD), including neuropsychiatric or dysautonomic complaints, fatigue, or pain, are frequent and have a high impact on the patient’s quality of life. They are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated. In the recent years, the growing awareness of NMS has favored the development of techniques that complement the clinician’s diagnosis. This review provides an overview of the most important ultrasonographic findings related to the presence of various NMS. Literature research was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception until January 2021, retrieving 23 prospective observational studies evaluating transcranial and cervical ultrasound in depression, dementia, dysautonomic symptoms, psychosis, and restless leg syndrome. Overall, the eligible articles showed good or fair quality according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. Brainstem raphe hypoechogenicity was related to the presence of depression in PD and also in depressed patients without PD, as well as to overactive bladder. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity was frequent in patients with visual hallucinations, and larger intracranial ventricles correlated with dementia. Evaluation of the vagus nerve showed contradictory findings. The results of this systematic review demonstrated that transcranial ultrasound can be a useful complementary tool in the evaluation of NMS in PD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:28:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9e3242e0342435a8ed5fab04eed2250 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:28:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9e3242e0342435a8ed5fab04eed22502023-11-21T23:48:40ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252021-06-0111677610.3390/brainsci11060776Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic ReviewCristina del Toro Pérez0Laura Amaya Pascasio1Antonio Arjona Padillo2Jesús Olivares Romero3María Victoria Mejías Olmedo4Javier Fernández Pérez5Manuel Payán Ortiz6Patricia Martínez-Sánchez7Neurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNeurosonology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, SpainNon-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD), including neuropsychiatric or dysautonomic complaints, fatigue, or pain, are frequent and have a high impact on the patient’s quality of life. They are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated. In the recent years, the growing awareness of NMS has favored the development of techniques that complement the clinician’s diagnosis. This review provides an overview of the most important ultrasonographic findings related to the presence of various NMS. Literature research was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception until January 2021, retrieving 23 prospective observational studies evaluating transcranial and cervical ultrasound in depression, dementia, dysautonomic symptoms, psychosis, and restless leg syndrome. Overall, the eligible articles showed good or fair quality according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. Brainstem raphe hypoechogenicity was related to the presence of depression in PD and also in depressed patients without PD, as well as to overactive bladder. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity was frequent in patients with visual hallucinations, and larger intracranial ventricles correlated with dementia. Evaluation of the vagus nerve showed contradictory findings. The results of this systematic review demonstrated that transcranial ultrasound can be a useful complementary tool in the evaluation of NMS in PD.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/6/776transcranial sonographyParkinson’s diseasenon-motor symptomssystematic reviewdepressionapathy |
| spellingShingle | Cristina del Toro Pérez Laura Amaya Pascasio Antonio Arjona Padillo Jesús Olivares Romero María Victoria Mejías Olmedo Javier Fernández Pérez Manuel Payán Ortiz Patricia Martínez-Sánchez Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review Brain Sciences transcranial sonography Parkinson’s disease non-motor symptoms systematic review depression apathy |
| title | Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | neurosonological findings related to non motor features of parkinson s disease a systematic review |
| topic | transcranial sonography Parkinson’s disease non-motor symptoms systematic review depression apathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/6/776 |
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