The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation
Indolemine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a cytosolic monomeric hemoprotein enzyme that catalyses tryptophan, the least available essential amino acid in the human body, to N-formylkynurenine, which in turn rapidly degrades to give kynurenine. IDO is expressed in different tissues, especially and promine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2007-12-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/182 |
| _version_ | 1819069827259564032 |
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| author | Reza B. Jalili Farshad Forouzeh Mohammad Ali Bahar Aziz Ghahary |
| author_facet | Reza B. Jalili Farshad Forouzeh Mohammad Ali Bahar Aziz Ghahary |
| author_sort | Reza B. Jalili |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Indolemine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a cytosolic monomeric hemoprotein enzyme that catalyses tryptophan, the least available essential amino acid in the human body, to N-formylkynurenine, which in turn rapidly degrades to give kynurenine. IDO is expressed in different tissues, especially and prominently in some subsets of antigen presenting cells (APCs) of lymphoid organs and also in the placenta of human and other mammals. Expression of IDO by certain dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages has a regulatory effect on T cells probably by providing a tryptophan-deficient microenvironment and/or accumulation of toxic metabolites of tryptophan. This immunomodulatory function of IDO plays an essential role in different physiological and pathological states. IDO was shown to prevent rejection of the fetus during pregnancy, possibly by inhibiting alloreactive T cells. Moreover, IDO expression in APCs was suggested to control autoreactive immune responses. In this review we discuss the molecular and biological characteristics of IDO and its function in immune system as well as the potential application of this enzyme in improving the outcome of allogeneic transplantation as a local immunosuppressive factor. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:56:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9e7a1ddfb7e4158ac90ffc1b504a646 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-1502 1735-5249 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:56:13Z |
| publishDate | 2007-12-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9e7a1ddfb7e4158ac90ffc1b504a6462022-12-21T18:56:45ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology1735-15021735-52492007-12-0164182The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation Reza B. Jalili0 Farshad Forouzeh1 Mohammad Ali Bahar2 Aziz Ghahary3 Indolemine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a cytosolic monomeric hemoprotein enzyme that catalyses tryptophan, the least available essential amino acid in the human body, to N-formylkynurenine, which in turn rapidly degrades to give kynurenine. IDO is expressed in different tissues, especially and prominently in some subsets of antigen presenting cells (APCs) of lymphoid organs and also in the placenta of human and other mammals. Expression of IDO by certain dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages has a regulatory effect on T cells probably by providing a tryptophan-deficient microenvironment and/or accumulation of toxic metabolites of tryptophan. This immunomodulatory function of IDO plays an essential role in different physiological and pathological states. IDO was shown to prevent rejection of the fetus during pregnancy, possibly by inhibiting alloreactive T cells. Moreover, IDO expression in APCs was suggested to control autoreactive immune responses. In this review we discuss the molecular and biological characteristics of IDO and its function in immune system as well as the potential application of this enzyme in improving the outcome of allogeneic transplantation as a local immunosuppressive factor.https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/182Allogeneic transplantationIndoleamine 23 dioxygenaseT- lymphocytes |
| spellingShingle | Reza B. Jalili Farshad Forouzeh Mohammad Ali Bahar Aziz Ghahary The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Allogeneic transplantation Indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase T- lymphocytes |
| title | The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation |
| title_full | The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation |
| title_fullStr | The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation |
| title_short | The Immunoregulatory Function of Indoleamine 2, 3 Dioxygenase and Its Application in Allotransplantation |
| title_sort | immunoregulatory function of indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase and its application in allotransplantation |
| topic | Allogeneic transplantation Indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase T- lymphocytes |
| url | https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/182 |
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