Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction
In search of efficient ways to produce biodiesel under environmentally friendly conditions, catalytic reactions have been explored with emphasis on replacing homogeneous by heterogeneous catalysis with the use of new catalyst types, such as the spinel ferrites, which are described as a viable option...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220301222 |
| _version_ | 1811340310539665408 |
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| author | Ana F.F. Farias Deisy T. de Araújo Adriano L. da Silva Elvia Leal José G.A. Pacheco Manoel R. Silva Ruth H.G.A. Kiminami Ana C.F. de M. Costa |
| author_facet | Ana F.F. Farias Deisy T. de Araújo Adriano L. da Silva Elvia Leal José G.A. Pacheco Manoel R. Silva Ruth H.G.A. Kiminami Ana C.F. de M. Costa |
| author_sort | Ana F.F. Farias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In search of efficient ways to produce biodiesel under environmentally friendly conditions, catalytic reactions have been explored with emphasis on replacing homogeneous by heterogeneous catalysis with the use of new catalyst types, such as the spinel ferrites, which are described as a viable option, since they are stable, highly active, inexpensive, reusable, and allow the easy recovery of the reaction medium through the application of magnetic fields. In this context, the present work proposes to contribute to the consolidation of the catalytic viability of the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system obtained by combustion reaction, because although previous studies indicate the catalytic effectiveness of this system in polyphasic form, the present work seeks as differential to evaluate the influence of the secondary phases and magnetization of the Ni-Zn system in the conversion to biodiesel, and for this purpose, it aims to evaluate the catalytic effect of ZnO formed as secondary phase and obtained concomitantly in the Ni-Zn ferrite synthesis, besides evaluating the effect of the stirring mechanism used in biodiesel production reaction by the ethyl transesterification of soybean oil. The synthesized Ni-Zn ferrites and ZnO sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption textural analysis (BET), particle size distribution, and then, tested in two reactor types, one with magnetic stirring, and another of mechanical stirring, to observe the magnetization effect of the material, and the characterization of the obtained biodiesels by gas chromatography (GC) and acidity index. The performed catalytic tests showed that the Ni-Zn ferrites promoted excellent ester conversions with values near and above 94%, thus confirming that although ZnO also promotes good ester conversion (83.9%), the catalytic effectiveness of the Ni-Zn ferrite is evident and independent of secondary phases. Moreover, the catalytic tests performed in the magnetic stirring reactor using the Ni-Zn ferrites as catalysts made it possible to realize that their magnetic properties may be interference in the catalytic effectiveness, being this, a more determining factor than the surface characteristics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:40:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa01663f34f447999c8f2f1d4bb0fb84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:40:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa01663f34f447999c8f2f1d4bb0fb842022-12-22T02:34:45ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522020-06-0113657885799Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reactionAna F.F. Farias0Deisy T. de Araújo1Adriano L. da Silva2Elvia Leal3José G.A. Pacheco4Manoel R. Silva5Ruth H.G.A. Kiminami6Ana C.F. de M. Costa7Federal University of Campina Grande/UFCG, Synthesis of Ceramic Materials Laboratory – LabSMaC, Science and Engineering of Materials Postgraduate, Aprígio Veloso Avenue –882, Bodocongó, 58109-970 Campina Grande, PB, Brazil; Corresponding author.Federal University of Campina Grande/UFCG, Synthesis of Ceramic Materials Laboratory – LabSMaC, Science and Engineering of Materials Postgraduate, Aprígio Veloso Avenue –882, Bodocongó, 58109-970 Campina Grande, PB, BrazilFederal University of Campina Grande/UFCG, Synthesis of Ceramic Materials Laboratory – LabSMaC, Science and Engineering of Materials Postgraduate, Aprígio Veloso Avenue –882, Bodocongó, 58109-970 Campina Grande, PB, BrazilFederal University of Campina Grande/UFCG, Synthesis of Ceramic Materials Laboratory – LabSMaC, Science and Engineering of Materials Postgraduate, Aprígio Veloso Avenue –882, Bodocongó, 58109-970 Campina Grande, PB, BrazilFederal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Refining and Cleaner Technology (LATECLIM), Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (LITPEG), 50740-550 Recife, PE, BrazilFederal University of Itajubá/UNIFEI, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Av. B. P. S., 1303, Pinheirinho, 37500-903 Itajubá, MG, BrazilFederal University of São Carlos/UFSCar, Department of Materials Engineering, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, BrazilFederal University of Campina Grande/UFCG, Synthesis of Ceramic Materials Laboratory – LabSMaC, Science and Engineering of Materials Postgraduate, Aprígio Veloso Avenue –882, Bodocongó, 58109-970 Campina Grande, PB, BrazilIn search of efficient ways to produce biodiesel under environmentally friendly conditions, catalytic reactions have been explored with emphasis on replacing homogeneous by heterogeneous catalysis with the use of new catalyst types, such as the spinel ferrites, which are described as a viable option, since they are stable, highly active, inexpensive, reusable, and allow the easy recovery of the reaction medium through the application of magnetic fields. In this context, the present work proposes to contribute to the consolidation of the catalytic viability of the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system obtained by combustion reaction, because although previous studies indicate the catalytic effectiveness of this system in polyphasic form, the present work seeks as differential to evaluate the influence of the secondary phases and magnetization of the Ni-Zn system in the conversion to biodiesel, and for this purpose, it aims to evaluate the catalytic effect of ZnO formed as secondary phase and obtained concomitantly in the Ni-Zn ferrite synthesis, besides evaluating the effect of the stirring mechanism used in biodiesel production reaction by the ethyl transesterification of soybean oil. The synthesized Ni-Zn ferrites and ZnO sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption textural analysis (BET), particle size distribution, and then, tested in two reactor types, one with magnetic stirring, and another of mechanical stirring, to observe the magnetization effect of the material, and the characterization of the obtained biodiesels by gas chromatography (GC) and acidity index. The performed catalytic tests showed that the Ni-Zn ferrites promoted excellent ester conversions with values near and above 94%, thus confirming that although ZnO also promotes good ester conversion (83.9%), the catalytic effectiveness of the Ni-Zn ferrite is evident and independent of secondary phases. Moreover, the catalytic tests performed in the magnetic stirring reactor using the Ni-Zn ferrites as catalysts made it possible to realize that their magnetic properties may be interference in the catalytic effectiveness, being this, a more determining factor than the surface characteristics.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220301222Magnetic catalystsNi-Zn ferriteZinc oxideTransesterificationBiodiesel |
| spellingShingle | Ana F.F. Farias Deisy T. de Araújo Adriano L. da Silva Elvia Leal José G.A. Pacheco Manoel R. Silva Ruth H.G.A. Kiminami Ana C.F. de M. Costa Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction Arabian Journal of Chemistry Magnetic catalysts Ni-Zn ferrite Zinc oxide Transesterification Biodiesel |
| title | Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| title_full | Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| title_short | Evaluation of the catalytic effect of ZnO as a secondary phase in the Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| title_sort | evaluation of the catalytic effect of zno as a secondary phase in the ni0 5zn0 5fe2o4 system and of the stirring mechanism on biodiesel production reaction |
| topic | Magnetic catalysts Ni-Zn ferrite Zinc oxide Transesterification Biodiesel |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220301222 |
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