Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors)
PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Ther...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| author | Paweł Leszczyński Magdalena Śmiech Emil Parvanov Chisato Watanabe Ken-ichi Mizutani Hiroaki Taniguchi |
| author_facet | Paweł Leszczyński Magdalena Śmiech Emil Parvanov Chisato Watanabe Ken-ichi Mizutani Hiroaki Taniguchi |
| author_sort | Paweł Leszczyński |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:19:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa1f799271b1420d9f1861bc5427ad9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:19:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa1f799271b1420d9f1861bc5427ad9f2023-11-20T23:32:27ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-12-01912260310.3390/cells9122603Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors)Paweł Leszczyński0Magdalena Śmiech1Emil Parvanov2Chisato Watanabe3Ken-ichi Mizutani4Hiroaki Taniguchi5Department of Experimental Embryology, Laboratory for Genome Editing and Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, PolandDepartment of Experimental Embryology, Laboratory for Genome Editing and Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, PolandDepartment of Mouse Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, 142 20 Vestec, Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, JapanLaboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 650-8586, JapanDepartment of Experimental Embryology, Laboratory for Genome Editing and Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, PolandPRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2603PRDMFOGstem cellsneuronsNuRDCtBP |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Leszczyński Magdalena Śmiech Emil Parvanov Chisato Watanabe Ken-ichi Mizutani Hiroaki Taniguchi Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) Cells PRDM FOG stem cells neurons NuRD CtBP |
| title | Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) |
| title_full | Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) |
| title_short | Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors) |
| title_sort | emerging roles of prdm factors in stem cells and neuronal system cofactor dependent regulation of prdm3 16 and fog1 2 novel prdm factors |
| topic | PRDM FOG stem cells neurons NuRD CtBP |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2603 |
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