Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF pathophysiology are largely un...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/7/973 |
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| author | Valerie Pauly Julia Vlcek Zhihao Zhang Nora Hesse Ruibing Xia Julia Bauer Simone Loy Sarah Schneider Simone Renner Eckhard Wolf Stefan Kääb Dominik Schüttler Philipp Tomsits Sebastian Clauss |
| author_facet | Valerie Pauly Julia Vlcek Zhihao Zhang Nora Hesse Ruibing Xia Julia Bauer Simone Loy Sarah Schneider Simone Renner Eckhard Wolf Stefan Kääb Dominik Schüttler Philipp Tomsits Sebastian Clauss |
| author_sort | Valerie Pauly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF pathophysiology are largely unknown. In 72 pigs with/without ischemic heart failure (IHF) we investigated the impact of sex on ischemia-induced proarrhythmic atrial remodeling and the susceptibility for AF. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrophysiological studies were conducted to assess electrical remodeling; histological analyses were performed to assess atrial fibrosis in male and female pigs. IHF pigs of both sexes showed a significantly increased vulnerability for AF, but in male pigs more and longer episodes were observed. Unchanged conduction properties but enhanced left atrial fibrosis indicated structural rather than electrical remodeling underlying AF susceptibility. Sex differences were only observed in controls with female pigs showing an increased intrinsic heart rate, a prolonged QRS interval and a prolonged sinus node recovery time. In sum, susceptibility for AF is significantly increased both in male and female pigs with ischemic heart failure. Differences between males and females are moderate, including more and longer AF episodes in male pigs and sinus node dysfunction in female pigs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:41:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa21fbdebe6344298b3f2eaa5627eecf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:41:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa21fbdebe6344298b3f2eaa5627eecf2023-11-17T16:27:30ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-03-0112797310.3390/cells12070973Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart FailureValerie Pauly0Julia Vlcek1Zhihao Zhang2Nora Hesse3Ruibing Xia4Julia Bauer5Simone Loy6Sarah Schneider7Simone Renner8Eckhard Wolf9Stefan Kääb10Dominik Schüttler11Philipp Tomsits12Sebastian Clauss13Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyInterfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, GermanyInterfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyGrosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, GermanyAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF pathophysiology are largely unknown. In 72 pigs with/without ischemic heart failure (IHF) we investigated the impact of sex on ischemia-induced proarrhythmic atrial remodeling and the susceptibility for AF. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrophysiological studies were conducted to assess electrical remodeling; histological analyses were performed to assess atrial fibrosis in male and female pigs. IHF pigs of both sexes showed a significantly increased vulnerability for AF, but in male pigs more and longer episodes were observed. Unchanged conduction properties but enhanced left atrial fibrosis indicated structural rather than electrical remodeling underlying AF susceptibility. Sex differences were only observed in controls with female pigs showing an increased intrinsic heart rate, a prolonged QRS interval and a prolonged sinus node recovery time. In sum, susceptibility for AF is significantly increased both in male and female pigs with ischemic heart failure. Differences between males and females are moderate, including more and longer AF episodes in male pigs and sinus node dysfunction in female pigs.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/7/973atrial fibrillationatrial arrhythmiaselectrical remodelingstructural remodelingsex differenceslarge animal model |
| spellingShingle | Valerie Pauly Julia Vlcek Zhihao Zhang Nora Hesse Ruibing Xia Julia Bauer Simone Loy Sarah Schneider Simone Renner Eckhard Wolf Stefan Kääb Dominik Schüttler Philipp Tomsits Sebastian Clauss Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure Cells atrial fibrillation atrial arrhythmias electrical remodeling structural remodeling sex differences large animal model |
| title | Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure |
| title_full | Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure |
| title_short | Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure |
| title_sort | effects of sex on the susceptibility for atrial fibrillation in pigs with ischemic heart failure |
| topic | atrial fibrillation atrial arrhythmias electrical remodeling structural remodeling sex differences large animal model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/7/973 |
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