Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
The maturity of tomato fruit is normally characterized by external color, and it is often difficult to know when fruit have achieved commercial maturity or become over-mature. The internal structure of tomato fruit changes during development and this study investigates the utility of nondestructive...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5188 |
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| author | Seunghoon Baek Jongguk Lim Jun Gu Lee Michael J. McCarthy Seong Min Kim |
| author_facet | Seunghoon Baek Jongguk Lim Jun Gu Lee Michael J. McCarthy Seong Min Kim |
| author_sort | Seunghoon Baek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The maturity of tomato fruit is normally characterized by external color, and it is often difficult to know when fruit have achieved commercial maturity or become over-mature. The internal structure of tomato fruit changes during development and this study investigates the utility of nondestructive measurement of tomato fruit structure as a function of maturity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objective of this work is to use analysis of internal tomato fruit structural measurements to characterize maturity. Intact cherry tomato fruit were harvested at six different maturity stages. At each stage of maturity, the internal structure of the fruit was measured using a series of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance (MR) images. Qualitative and quantitative image analyses were performed to correlate internal fruit structure with maturity. Internal structural changes observed in the pericarp region of the tomato fruit are highly correlated with fruit maturity. MR image information combined with classical analysis techniques provides a more complete understanding of structure and physicochemical changes in tomato fruit during maturation. This study demonstrates that MRI is a useful analytical tool to characterize internal changes in agricultural produce as the produce matures. This technique can be applied to almost any agricultural produce to monitor internal physical changes due to external impact, maturity stage, variation in climate, storage time, and condition, or other factors impacting quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa2b367548aa466fb83fd4648fa3e810 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa2b367548aa466fb83fd4648fa3e8102023-11-20T08:13:47ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-07-011015518810.3390/app10155188Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance ImagingSeunghoon Baek0Jongguk Lim1Jun Gu Lee2Michael J. McCarthy3Seong Min Kim4Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju 54875, KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaThe maturity of tomato fruit is normally characterized by external color, and it is often difficult to know when fruit have achieved commercial maturity or become over-mature. The internal structure of tomato fruit changes during development and this study investigates the utility of nondestructive measurement of tomato fruit structure as a function of maturity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objective of this work is to use analysis of internal tomato fruit structural measurements to characterize maturity. Intact cherry tomato fruit were harvested at six different maturity stages. At each stage of maturity, the internal structure of the fruit was measured using a series of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance (MR) images. Qualitative and quantitative image analyses were performed to correlate internal fruit structure with maturity. Internal structural changes observed in the pericarp region of the tomato fruit are highly correlated with fruit maturity. MR image information combined with classical analysis techniques provides a more complete understanding of structure and physicochemical changes in tomato fruit during maturation. This study demonstrates that MRI is a useful analytical tool to characterize internal changes in agricultural produce as the produce matures. This technique can be applied to almost any agricultural produce to monitor internal physical changes due to external impact, maturity stage, variation in climate, storage time, and condition, or other factors impacting quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5188magnetic resonance imagingcherry tomatomaturity changeinternal structure |
| spellingShingle | Seunghoon Baek Jongguk Lim Jun Gu Lee Michael J. McCarthy Seong Min Kim Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applied Sciences magnetic resonance imaging cherry tomato maturity change internal structure |
| title | Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| title_full | Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| title_short | Investigation of the Maturity Changes of Cherry Tomato Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| title_sort | investigation of the maturity changes of cherry tomato using magnetic resonance imaging |
| topic | magnetic resonance imaging cherry tomato maturity change internal structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5188 |
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