Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void hol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3000 |
| _version_ | 1797536401268408320 |
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| author | Sadeeq Jan Eiad Yafi Abdul Hafeez Hamza Waheed Khatana Sajid Hussain Rohail Akhtar Zahid Wadud |
| author_facet | Sadeeq Jan Eiad Yafi Abdul Hafeez Hamza Waheed Khatana Sajid Hussain Rohail Akhtar Zahid Wadud |
| author_sort | Sadeeq Jan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa2e387e5a7548cfacf2d4b1db76f866 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa2e387e5a7548cfacf2d4b1db76f8662023-11-21T17:02:25ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-04-01219300010.3390/s21093000Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor NetworkSadeeq Jan0Eiad Yafi1Abdul Hafeez2Hamza Waheed Khatana3Sajid Hussain4Rohail Akhtar5Zahid Wadud6Department of Computer Science and IT, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanMalaysian Institute of Information Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur 50250, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, PakistanA significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3000underwater wireless sensor networksenergy optimizationpacket duplicationmaster–slave architecturedepth-based routing |
| spellingShingle | Sadeeq Jan Eiad Yafi Abdul Hafeez Hamza Waheed Khatana Sajid Hussain Rohail Akhtar Zahid Wadud Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Sensors underwater wireless sensor networks energy optimization packet duplication master–slave architecture depth-based routing |
| title | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_full | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_fullStr | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_short | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_sort | investigating master slave architecture for underwater wireless sensor network |
| topic | underwater wireless sensor networks energy optimization packet duplication master–slave architecture depth-based routing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3000 |
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