A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic
Abstract The flax seed cake is a waste product from flax oil extraction. Adding value to this wasted material aligns with the concept of circularity. In this study, we explored zein protein conjugation with flax mucilage for packaging material development. Although both flax mucilage and zein have e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40293-4 |
| _version_ | 1797453229655588864 |
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| author | Marwa Tallawi Danial Amrein Gerd Gemmecker Katerina E. Aifantis Klaus Drechsler |
| author_facet | Marwa Tallawi Danial Amrein Gerd Gemmecker Katerina E. Aifantis Klaus Drechsler |
| author_sort | Marwa Tallawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The flax seed cake is a waste product from flax oil extraction. Adding value to this wasted material aligns with the concept of circularity. In this study, we explored zein protein conjugation with flax mucilage for packaging material development. Although both flax mucilage and zein have excellent film-forming properties, they lack the required mechanical properties for industrial processing and are sensitive to high humidity. We present a simple and non-toxic one-pot method for developing the novel flax mucilage/zein conjugate. Where the flax mucilage undergoes oxidation to form aldehyde groups, which then react with zein's amino groups in a glycation process. The conjugates were analyzed using different techniques. The flax mucilage conjugate had a water-holding capacity of 87–62%. Increasing the zein content improved the surface smoothness of the films. On the other hand, higher levels of zein led to a significant decrease in film solubility (p < 0.05). The flax mucilage conjugate exhibited thermoplastic and elastic properties; revealing Young's modulus of 1–3 GPa, glass transition temperature between 49 °C and 103 °C and excellent processability with various industrial techniques. Showing its potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:19:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa338881b19c495e97883dc168209706 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:19:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa338881b19c495e97883dc1682097062023-11-26T12:52:51ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-08-0113111410.1038/s41598-023-40293-4A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plasticMarwa Tallawi0Danial Amrein1Gerd Gemmecker2Katerina E. Aifantis3Klaus Drechsler4Carbon Composite, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of MunichCarbon Composite, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of MunichSchool of Natural Sciences, Bavarian NMR Center, Technical University of MunichDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of FloridaCarbon Composite, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of MunichAbstract The flax seed cake is a waste product from flax oil extraction. Adding value to this wasted material aligns with the concept of circularity. In this study, we explored zein protein conjugation with flax mucilage for packaging material development. Although both flax mucilage and zein have excellent film-forming properties, they lack the required mechanical properties for industrial processing and are sensitive to high humidity. We present a simple and non-toxic one-pot method for developing the novel flax mucilage/zein conjugate. Where the flax mucilage undergoes oxidation to form aldehyde groups, which then react with zein's amino groups in a glycation process. The conjugates were analyzed using different techniques. The flax mucilage conjugate had a water-holding capacity of 87–62%. Increasing the zein content improved the surface smoothness of the films. On the other hand, higher levels of zein led to a significant decrease in film solubility (p < 0.05). The flax mucilage conjugate exhibited thermoplastic and elastic properties; revealing Young's modulus of 1–3 GPa, glass transition temperature between 49 °C and 103 °C and excellent processability with various industrial techniques. Showing its potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40293-4 |
| spellingShingle | Marwa Tallawi Danial Amrein Gerd Gemmecker Katerina E. Aifantis Klaus Drechsler A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic Scientific Reports |
| title | A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| title_full | A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| title_fullStr | A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| title_short | A novel polysaccharide/zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| title_sort | novel polysaccharide zein conjugate as an alternative green plastic |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40293-4 |
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