Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Soil fungi play an integral and essential role in maintaining soil ecosystem functions. The understanding of altitude variations and their drivers of soil fungal community composition and diversity remains relatively unclear. Mountains provide an open, natural platform for studying how the soil fung...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/807 |
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| author | Jian Chen Zuomin Shi Shun Liu Miaomiao Zhang Xiangwen Cao Miao Chen Gexi Xu Hongshuang Xing Feifan Li Qiuhong Feng |
| author_facet | Jian Chen Zuomin Shi Shun Liu Miaomiao Zhang Xiangwen Cao Miao Chen Gexi Xu Hongshuang Xing Feifan Li Qiuhong Feng |
| author_sort | Jian Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil fungi play an integral and essential role in maintaining soil ecosystem functions. The understanding of altitude variations and their drivers of soil fungal community composition and diversity remains relatively unclear. Mountains provide an open, natural platform for studying how the soil fungal community responds to climatic variability at a short altitude distance. Using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique, we examined soil fungal community composition and diversity among seven vegetation types (dry valley shrub, valley-mountain ecotone broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine coniferous forest, alpine shrub meadow, alpine meadow) along a 2582 m altitude gradient in the alpine–gorge region on the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Ascomycota (47.72%), Basidiomycota (36.58%), and Mortierellomycota (12.14%) were the top three soil fungal dominant phyla in all samples. Soil fungal community composition differed significantly among the seven vegetation types along altitude gradients. The α-diversity of soil total fungi and symbiotic fungi had a distinct hollow pattern, while saprophytic fungi and pathogenic fungi showed no obvious pattern along altitude gradients. The β-diversity of soil total fungi, symbiotic fungi, saprophytic fungi, and pathogenic fungi was derived mainly from species turnover processes and exhibited a significant altitude distance-decay pattern. Soil properties explained 31.27−34.91% of variation in soil fungal (total and trophic modes) community composition along altitude gradients, and the effects of soil nutrients on fungal community composition varied by trophic modes. Soil pH was the main factor affecting α-diversity of soil fungi along altitude gradients. The β-diversity and turnover components of soil total fungi and saprophytic fungi were affected by soil properties and geographic distance, while those of symbiotic fungi and pathogenic fungi were affected only by soil properties. This study deepens our knowledge regarding altitude variations and their drivers of soil fungal community composition and diversity, and confirms that the effects of soil properties on soil fungal community composition and diversity vary by trophic modes along altitude gradients in the alpine–gorge region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:08:54Z |
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| id | doaj.art-aa44df5ec75641c8b7d9dc6ee43851e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:08:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa44df5ec75641c8b7d9dc6ee43851e32023-11-30T21:44:50ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-07-018880710.3390/jof8080807Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan PlateauJian Chen0Zuomin Shi1Shun Liu2Miaomiao Zhang3Xiangwen Cao4Miao Chen5Gexi Xu6Hongshuang Xing7Feifan Li8Qiuhong Feng9Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaEcological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, ChinaSoil fungi play an integral and essential role in maintaining soil ecosystem functions. The understanding of altitude variations and their drivers of soil fungal community composition and diversity remains relatively unclear. Mountains provide an open, natural platform for studying how the soil fungal community responds to climatic variability at a short altitude distance. Using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique, we examined soil fungal community composition and diversity among seven vegetation types (dry valley shrub, valley-mountain ecotone broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest, subalpine coniferous forest, alpine shrub meadow, alpine meadow) along a 2582 m altitude gradient in the alpine–gorge region on the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Ascomycota (47.72%), Basidiomycota (36.58%), and Mortierellomycota (12.14%) were the top three soil fungal dominant phyla in all samples. Soil fungal community composition differed significantly among the seven vegetation types along altitude gradients. The α-diversity of soil total fungi and symbiotic fungi had a distinct hollow pattern, while saprophytic fungi and pathogenic fungi showed no obvious pattern along altitude gradients. The β-diversity of soil total fungi, symbiotic fungi, saprophytic fungi, and pathogenic fungi was derived mainly from species turnover processes and exhibited a significant altitude distance-decay pattern. Soil properties explained 31.27−34.91% of variation in soil fungal (total and trophic modes) community composition along altitude gradients, and the effects of soil nutrients on fungal community composition varied by trophic modes. Soil pH was the main factor affecting α-diversity of soil fungi along altitude gradients. The β-diversity and turnover components of soil total fungi and saprophytic fungi were affected by soil properties and geographic distance, while those of symbiotic fungi and pathogenic fungi were affected only by soil properties. This study deepens our knowledge regarding altitude variations and their drivers of soil fungal community composition and diversity, and confirms that the effects of soil properties on soil fungal community composition and diversity vary by trophic modes along altitude gradients in the alpine–gorge region.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/807soil fungicommunity compositiondiversity patterntrophic modesoil pHsoil moisture |
| spellingShingle | Jian Chen Zuomin Shi Shun Liu Miaomiao Zhang Xiangwen Cao Miao Chen Gexi Xu Hongshuang Xing Feifan Li Qiuhong Feng Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Journal of Fungi soil fungi community composition diversity pattern trophic mode soil pH soil moisture |
| title | Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full | Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau |
| title_short | Altitudinal Variation Influences Soil Fungal Community Composition and Diversity in Alpine–Gorge Region on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau |
| title_sort | altitudinal variation influences soil fungal community composition and diversity in alpine gorge region on the eastern qinghai tibetan plateau |
| topic | soil fungi community composition diversity pattern trophic mode soil pH soil moisture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/807 |
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