Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water
In the uppermost stream of the Mimikawa River, in northern Miyazaki Prefecture, the contribution to river turbidity of a huge, collapsed slope alternating sandstone and mudstone layers was qualitatively shown in our previous study. In this study, the water level and turbidity were continuously obser...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/18/3186 |
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| author | Mitsuteru Irie Atsuki Nakagawa Takayoshi Higashi |
| author_facet | Mitsuteru Irie Atsuki Nakagawa Takayoshi Higashi |
| author_sort | Mitsuteru Irie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the uppermost stream of the Mimikawa River, in northern Miyazaki Prefecture, the contribution to river turbidity of a huge, collapsed slope alternating sandstone and mudstone layers was qualitatively shown in our previous study. In this study, the water level and turbidity were continuously observed, to obtain a quantitative estimation of this contribution. The conversion equation from the water level to the flow rate is required, but field measurements during the flooding term in the mountainous site are difficult. In this study, a high-resolution survey was conducted, and the relationship was determined via a small-scale hydraulic model shaped using a 3D printer from the survey results, to determine the relationship between the water level and the flow rate. The flow rate time series was reproduced with the distributed runoff model that is verified with the flow rate converted from the water level. The flow rate and turbidity load time series were also estimated from the long-term rainfall. The area of the bare soil surface of each small basin was obtained via satellite image analysis, and the soil yield from each surface condition was calculated. Furthermore, the amount of turbidity produced upstream of Kamishiiba Dam was calculated for each small basin. It was estimated that 24% of the turbidity was generated from the small basin covering 5.7% of the total catchment area. This study showed that it is possible to verify the hydrological model by obtaining the water-level–discharge relationship, even in the mountains, where it is difficult to observe the discharge on-site, via small-scale hydraulic model experiments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:51:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa455a27f0b847c6a05958768e0dbe00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:51:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa455a27f0b847c6a05958768e0dbe002023-11-19T13:25:02ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-09-011518318610.3390/w15183186Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid WaterMitsuteru Irie0Atsuki Nakagawa1Takayoshi Higashi2Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, JapanTaisei Corporation, Chigasaki 253-0001, JapanIn the uppermost stream of the Mimikawa River, in northern Miyazaki Prefecture, the contribution to river turbidity of a huge, collapsed slope alternating sandstone and mudstone layers was qualitatively shown in our previous study. In this study, the water level and turbidity were continuously observed, to obtain a quantitative estimation of this contribution. The conversion equation from the water level to the flow rate is required, but field measurements during the flooding term in the mountainous site are difficult. In this study, a high-resolution survey was conducted, and the relationship was determined via a small-scale hydraulic model shaped using a 3D printer from the survey results, to determine the relationship between the water level and the flow rate. The flow rate time series was reproduced with the distributed runoff model that is verified with the flow rate converted from the water level. The flow rate and turbidity load time series were also estimated from the long-term rainfall. The area of the bare soil surface of each small basin was obtained via satellite image analysis, and the soil yield from each surface condition was calculated. Furthermore, the amount of turbidity produced upstream of Kamishiiba Dam was calculated for each small basin. It was estimated that 24% of the turbidity was generated from the small basin covering 5.7% of the total catchment area. This study showed that it is possible to verify the hydrological model by obtaining the water-level–discharge relationship, even in the mountains, where it is difficult to observe the discharge on-site, via small-scale hydraulic model experiments.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/18/3186long-term turbiditycollapsed areasoil yieldcomprehensive sediment management |
| spellingShingle | Mitsuteru Irie Atsuki Nakagawa Takayoshi Higashi Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water Water long-term turbidity collapsed area soil yield comprehensive sediment management |
| title | Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water |
| title_full | Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water |
| title_short | Quantitative Evaluation of Suspended Solid Runoff from Large-Scale Landslide Areas Presumed to Be the Source of Turbid Water |
| title_sort | quantitative evaluation of suspended solid runoff from large scale landslide areas presumed to be the source of turbid water |
| topic | long-term turbidity collapsed area soil yield comprehensive sediment management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/18/3186 |
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