An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses
Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are established X-ray focusing optics, and are used to focus the beam or image the sample in many beamlines at X-ray facilities. While CRLs are quite established, the stack of single lens elements affords a very small numerical aperture because of the thick lens pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
International Union of Crystallography
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Synchrotron Radiation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600577522004039 |
| _version_ | 1828783111093092352 |
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| author | Sean Breckling Bernard Kozioziemski Leora Dresselhaus-Marais Arnulfo Gonzalez Ajanaé Williams Hugh Simons Paul Chow Marylesa Howard |
| author_facet | Sean Breckling Bernard Kozioziemski Leora Dresselhaus-Marais Arnulfo Gonzalez Ajanaé Williams Hugh Simons Paul Chow Marylesa Howard |
| author_sort | Sean Breckling |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are established X-ray focusing optics, and are used to focus the beam or image the sample in many beamlines at X-ray facilities. While CRLs are quite established, the stack of single lens elements affords a very small numerical aperture because of the thick lens profile, making them far more difficult to align than classical optical lenses that obey the thin-lens approximation. This means that the alignment must be very precise and is highly sensitive to changes to the incident beam, often requiring regular readjustments. Some groups circumvent the full realignment procedure by using engineering controls (e.g. mounting optics) that sacrifice some of the beam's focusing precision, i.e. spot size, or resolution. While these choices minimize setup time, there are clear disadvantages. This work presents a new automated approach to align CRLs using a simple alignment apparatus that is easy to adapt and install at different types of X-ray experiments or facilities. This approach builds on recent CRL modeling efforts, using an approach based on the Stochastic Nelder–Mead (SNM) simplex method. This method is outlined and its efficacy is demonstrated with numerical simulation that is tested in real experiments conducted at the Advanced Photon Source to confirm its performance with a synchrotron beam. This work provides an opportunity to automate key instrumentation at X-ray facilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:59:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa53c154fae54657b5fc859a3bde739f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1600-5775 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:59:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | International Union of Crystallography |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Synchrotron Radiation |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa53c154fae54657b5fc859a3bde739f2022-12-22T00:55:56ZengInternational Union of CrystallographyJournal of Synchrotron Radiation1600-57752022-07-0129494795610.1107/S1600577522004039gy5029An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lensesSean Breckling0Bernard Kozioziemski1Leora Dresselhaus-Marais2Arnulfo Gonzalez3Ajanaé Williams4Hugh Simons5Paul Chow6Marylesa Howard7Signal Processing and Applied Mathematics, Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), NV, USALawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physics Division, Livermore, CA 94550, USALawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physics Division, Livermore, CA 94550, USASignal Processing and Applied Mathematics, Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), NV, USASignal Processing and Applied Mathematics, Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), NV, USADepartment of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 311, Kgs Lyngby 2800, DenmarkHPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USASignal Processing and Applied Mathematics, Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), NV, USACompound refractive lenses (CRLs) are established X-ray focusing optics, and are used to focus the beam or image the sample in many beamlines at X-ray facilities. While CRLs are quite established, the stack of single lens elements affords a very small numerical aperture because of the thick lens profile, making them far more difficult to align than classical optical lenses that obey the thin-lens approximation. This means that the alignment must be very precise and is highly sensitive to changes to the incident beam, often requiring regular readjustments. Some groups circumvent the full realignment procedure by using engineering controls (e.g. mounting optics) that sacrifice some of the beam's focusing precision, i.e. spot size, or resolution. While these choices minimize setup time, there are clear disadvantages. This work presents a new automated approach to align CRLs using a simple alignment apparatus that is easy to adapt and install at different types of X-ray experiments or facilities. This approach builds on recent CRL modeling efforts, using an approach based on the Stochastic Nelder–Mead (SNM) simplex method. This method is outlined and its efficacy is demonstrated with numerical simulation that is tested in real experiments conducted at the Advanced Photon Source to confirm its performance with a synchrotron beam. This work provides an opportunity to automate key instrumentation at X-ray facilities.http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600577522004039compound refractive lensalignmentoptimizationbeamline optics |
| spellingShingle | Sean Breckling Bernard Kozioziemski Leora Dresselhaus-Marais Arnulfo Gonzalez Ajanaé Williams Hugh Simons Paul Chow Marylesa Howard An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses Journal of Synchrotron Radiation compound refractive lens alignment optimization beamline optics |
| title | An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| title_full | An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| title_fullStr | An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| title_full_unstemmed | An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| title_short | An automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| title_sort | automated approach to the alignment of compound refractive lenses |
| topic | compound refractive lens alignment optimization beamline optics |
| url | http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600577522004039 |
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