A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers
Annually, approximately 3 billion tires are commercially transacted worldwide each year and an equivalent amount is disposed of by the end of their life. Despite the increase in the life of tires and the global economic and pandemic crisis, the number of discarded tires is going to rise further due...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/571 |
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| author | Panagiotis Grammelis Nikolaos Margaritis Petros Dallas Dimitrios Rakopoulos Georgios Mavrias |
| author_facet | Panagiotis Grammelis Nikolaos Margaritis Petros Dallas Dimitrios Rakopoulos Georgios Mavrias |
| author_sort | Panagiotis Grammelis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Annually, approximately 3 billion tires are commercially transacted worldwide each year and an equivalent amount is disposed of by the end of their life. Despite the increase in the life of tires and the global economic and pandemic crisis, the number of discarded tires is going to rise further due to the increasing demand for vehicles worldwide (approximately 5 billion tires by the end of 2030). The obsolete methods of tire disposal, including landfill, burning, etc., are a responsible for environmental issues (harmful substances production, air and soil pollution) and for the transmission of various diseases. Nowadays, approximately 70% of the total tires at the end of their life (ELTs) is recovered. The largest percentage of the recovered ELTs is intended for energy production or recovery as a fuel in cement industries or can be used for the production of various materials. A significant amount (approximately 95%) of the discarded ELTs can be reused. The products from the processing of ELTs can be fragments of different sizes and types, including: Trimmed rubber (70% by weight), steel wire (5–30% by weight), and fluff or textile fibers (up to 15% by weight). From the aforementioned materials, rubber and steel wires are mainly recovered and used for numerous applications. However, current ways of utilizing these materials will have to adapt or change in the near future, in order to comply with stricter regulations. The purpose of the current study is to sufficiently review recent progress on the management of ELTs, focusing on alternative uses of textile fibers such as additive for sound absorbing materials, bituminous conglomerates, concrete production, plastic materials, soil reinforcement, etc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:55:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa630a748bd540388f1fbc27585ac152 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:55:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa630a748bd540388f1fbc27585ac1522023-12-03T14:22:00ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-01-0114357110.3390/en14030571A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile FibersPanagiotis Grammelis0Nikolaos Margaritis1Petros Dallas2Dimitrios Rakopoulos3Georgios Mavrias4Centre for Research & Technology Hellas (CERTH)/Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), 4th km Ptolemais—Mpodosakeiou Hospital (Region of Kouri), 502 00 Ptolemais, GreeceCentre for Research & Technology Hellas (CERTH)/Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), 4th km Ptolemais—Mpodosakeiou Hospital (Region of Kouri), 502 00 Ptolemais, GreeceCentre for Research & Technology Hellas (CERTH)/Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), 4th km Ptolemais—Mpodosakeiou Hospital (Region of Kouri), 502 00 Ptolemais, GreeceCentre for Research & Technology Hellas (CERTH)/Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), 4th km Ptolemais—Mpodosakeiou Hospital (Region of Kouri), 502 00 Ptolemais, GreeceECOELASTIKA SA, Ecological Tire Management, 15125 Athens, GreeceAnnually, approximately 3 billion tires are commercially transacted worldwide each year and an equivalent amount is disposed of by the end of their life. Despite the increase in the life of tires and the global economic and pandemic crisis, the number of discarded tires is going to rise further due to the increasing demand for vehicles worldwide (approximately 5 billion tires by the end of 2030). The obsolete methods of tire disposal, including landfill, burning, etc., are a responsible for environmental issues (harmful substances production, air and soil pollution) and for the transmission of various diseases. Nowadays, approximately 70% of the total tires at the end of their life (ELTs) is recovered. The largest percentage of the recovered ELTs is intended for energy production or recovery as a fuel in cement industries or can be used for the production of various materials. A significant amount (approximately 95%) of the discarded ELTs can be reused. The products from the processing of ELTs can be fragments of different sizes and types, including: Trimmed rubber (70% by weight), steel wire (5–30% by weight), and fluff or textile fibers (up to 15% by weight). From the aforementioned materials, rubber and steel wires are mainly recovered and used for numerous applications. However, current ways of utilizing these materials will have to adapt or change in the near future, in order to comply with stricter regulations. The purpose of the current study is to sufficiently review recent progress on the management of ELTs, focusing on alternative uses of textile fibers such as additive for sound absorbing materials, bituminous conglomerates, concrete production, plastic materials, soil reinforcement, etc.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/571end of life tiresenergy recoverymaterial recyclingrubbertextile fibers |
| spellingShingle | Panagiotis Grammelis Nikolaos Margaritis Petros Dallas Dimitrios Rakopoulos Georgios Mavrias A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers Energies end of life tires energy recovery material recycling rubber textile fibers |
| title | A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers |
| title_full | A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers |
| title_fullStr | A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers |
| title_short | A Review on Management of End of Life Tires (ELTs) and Alternative Uses of Textile Fibers |
| title_sort | review on management of end of life tires elts and alternative uses of textile fibers |
| topic | end of life tires energy recovery material recycling rubber textile fibers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/571 |
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