Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines.
Helicobacter pylori infection of humans is so old that its population genetic structure reflects that of ancient human migrations. A closely related species, Helicobacter acinonychis, is specific for large felines, including cheetahs, lions, and tigers, whereas hosts more closely related to humans h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2006-07-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020120 |
| _version_ | 1818924828655091712 |
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| author | Mark Eppinger Claudia Baar Bodo Linz Günter Raddatz Christa Lanz Heike Keller Giovanna Morelli Helga Gressmann Mark Achtman Stephan C Schuster |
| author_facet | Mark Eppinger Claudia Baar Bodo Linz Günter Raddatz Christa Lanz Heike Keller Giovanna Morelli Helga Gressmann Mark Achtman Stephan C Schuster |
| author_sort | Mark Eppinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Helicobacter pylori infection of humans is so old that its population genetic structure reflects that of ancient human migrations. A closely related species, Helicobacter acinonychis, is specific for large felines, including cheetahs, lions, and tigers, whereas hosts more closely related to humans harbor more distantly related Helicobacter species. This observation suggests a jump between host species. But who ate whom and when did it happen? In order to resolve this question, we determined the genomic sequence of H. acinonychis strain Sheeba and compared it to genomes from H. pylori. The conserved core genes between the genomes are so similar that the host jump probably occurred within the last 200,000 (range 50,000-400,000) years. However, the Sheeba genome also possesses unique features that indicate the direction of the host jump, namely from early humans to cats. Sheeba possesses an unusually large number of highly fragmented genes, many encoding outer membrane proteins, which may have been destroyed in order to bypass deleterious responses from the feline host immune system. In addition, the few Sheeba-specific genes that were found include a cluster of genes encoding sialylation of the bacterial cell surface carbohydrates, which were imported by horizontal genetic exchange and might also help to evade host immune defenses. These results provide a genomic basis for elucidating molecular events that allow bacteria to adapt to novel animal hosts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:31:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa66c145390643c0bddcec5aec6597f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:31:32Z |
| publishDate | 2006-07-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa66c145390643c0bddcec5aec6597f52022-12-21T19:56:34ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042006-07-0127e12010.1371/journal.pgen.0020120.eorWho ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines.Mark EppingerClaudia BaarBodo LinzGünter RaddatzChrista LanzHeike KellerGiovanna MorelliHelga GressmannMark AchtmanStephan C SchusterHelicobacter pylori infection of humans is so old that its population genetic structure reflects that of ancient human migrations. A closely related species, Helicobacter acinonychis, is specific for large felines, including cheetahs, lions, and tigers, whereas hosts more closely related to humans harbor more distantly related Helicobacter species. This observation suggests a jump between host species. But who ate whom and when did it happen? In order to resolve this question, we determined the genomic sequence of H. acinonychis strain Sheeba and compared it to genomes from H. pylori. The conserved core genes between the genomes are so similar that the host jump probably occurred within the last 200,000 (range 50,000-400,000) years. However, the Sheeba genome also possesses unique features that indicate the direction of the host jump, namely from early humans to cats. Sheeba possesses an unusually large number of highly fragmented genes, many encoding outer membrane proteins, which may have been destroyed in order to bypass deleterious responses from the feline host immune system. In addition, the few Sheeba-specific genes that were found include a cluster of genes encoding sialylation of the bacterial cell surface carbohydrates, which were imported by horizontal genetic exchange and might also help to evade host immune defenses. These results provide a genomic basis for elucidating molecular events that allow bacteria to adapt to novel animal hosts.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020120 |
| spellingShingle | Mark Eppinger Claudia Baar Bodo Linz Günter Raddatz Christa Lanz Heike Keller Giovanna Morelli Helga Gressmann Mark Achtman Stephan C Schuster Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. |
| title_full | Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. |
| title_fullStr | Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. |
| title_short | Who ate whom? Adaptive Helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines. |
| title_sort | who ate whom adaptive helicobacter genomic changes that accompanied a host jump from early humans to large felines |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020120 |
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