<i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function
To evaluate the biological effects of <i>Porphyra tenera</i> (<i>P. tenera</i>), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of <i>P. tenera</i> could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced cognitive decline mic...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/439 |
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| author | Seon Kyeong Park Jin Yong Kang Jong Min Kim Min Ji Kim Hyo Lim Lee Jong Hyun Moon Hye Rin Jeong Hyun-Jin Kim Min-Yu Chung Ho Jin Heo |
| author_facet | Seon Kyeong Park Jin Yong Kang Jong Min Kim Min Ji Kim Hyo Lim Lee Jong Hyun Moon Hye Rin Jeong Hyun-Jin Kim Min-Yu Chung Ho Jin Heo |
| author_sort | Seon Kyeong Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To evaluate the biological effects of <i>Porphyra tenera</i> (<i>P. tenera</i>), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of <i>P. tenera</i> could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced cognitive decline mice. <i>P. tenera</i> attenuated PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced learning and memory impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the mitochondrial function and TLR-initiated NF-κB signaling. In addition, <i>P. tenera</i> effectively alleviated Aβ production/tau phosphorylation by inhibiting the JNK phosphorylation. Also, the bioactive constituents of <i>P. tenera</i> determined the sulfated galactan, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), and chlorophyll derivatives. Moreover, the bioactive compounds of <i>P. tenera</i> by gut fermentation protected against gut dysbiosis and intestinal tight junction damage with a decrease in inflammatory response and short-chain fatty acid production. Based on these results, our findings suggest that <i>P. tenera</i> with sulfated galactan and MAAs is a potential material for cognitive function improvement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:18:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa689dce18ed4b2fa0fbaee4ec0ab5a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:18:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa689dce18ed4b2fa0fbaee4ec0ab5a62023-12-03T11:51:38ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-06-0120743910.3390/md20070439<i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut FunctionSeon Kyeong Park0Jin Yong Kang1Jong Min Kim2Min Ji Kim3Hyo Lim Lee4Jong Hyun Moon5Hye Rin Jeong6Hyun-Jin Kim7Min-Yu Chung8Ho Jin Heo9Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaKorea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, KoreaDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaTo evaluate the biological effects of <i>Porphyra tenera</i> (<i>P. tenera</i>), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of <i>P. tenera</i> could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced cognitive decline mice. <i>P. tenera</i> attenuated PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced learning and memory impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the mitochondrial function and TLR-initiated NF-κB signaling. In addition, <i>P. tenera</i> effectively alleviated Aβ production/tau phosphorylation by inhibiting the JNK phosphorylation. Also, the bioactive constituents of <i>P. tenera</i> determined the sulfated galactan, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), and chlorophyll derivatives. Moreover, the bioactive compounds of <i>P. tenera</i> by gut fermentation protected against gut dysbiosis and intestinal tight junction damage with a decrease in inflammatory response and short-chain fatty acid production. Based on these results, our findings suggest that <i>P. tenera</i> with sulfated galactan and MAAs is a potential material for cognitive function improvement.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/439<i>Porphyra tenera</i>PM<sub>2.5</sub>cognitioninflammationgut microbiotasulfated galactan |
| spellingShingle | Seon Kyeong Park Jin Yong Kang Jong Min Kim Min Ji Kim Hyo Lim Lee Jong Hyun Moon Hye Rin Jeong Hyun-Jin Kim Min-Yu Chung Ho Jin Heo <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function Marine Drugs <i>Porphyra tenera</i> PM<sub>2.5</sub> cognition inflammation gut microbiota sulfated galactan |
| title | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function |
| title_full | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function |
| title_fullStr | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function |
| title_short | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> Protects against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function |
| title_sort | i porphyra tenera i protects against pm sub 2 5 sub induced cognitive dysfunction with the regulation of gut function |
| topic | <i>Porphyra tenera</i> PM<sub>2.5</sub> cognition inflammation gut microbiota sulfated galactan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/439 |
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