Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery
As the last common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway leading to heme and chlorophyll, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO; EC 1.3.3.4) is an ideal target for herbicide development. Currently, about 30 PPO inhibitors have been developed as agricultural herbicides. PPO inhibitors have displayed...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
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Swiss Chemical Society
2011-12-01
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| Series: | CHIMIA |
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| Online Access: | https://www.chimia.ch/chimia/article/view/5139 |
| _version_ | 1818282290044731392 |
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| author | Ge-Fei Hao Yang Zuo Sheng-Gang Yang Guang-Fu Yang |
| author_facet | Ge-Fei Hao Yang Zuo Sheng-Gang Yang Guang-Fu Yang |
| author_sort | Ge-Fei Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
As the last common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway leading to heme and chlorophyll, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO; EC 1.3.3.4) is an ideal target for herbicide development. Currently, about 30 PPO inhibitors have been developed as agricultural herbicides. PPO inhibitors have displayed
environmentally benign, but advantageous characteristics, including low toxicity, low effective concentration, broad herbicidal spectrum (active against both monocotyledon and dicotyledon weeds), quick onset of action, and long lasting effect. Over the last several years, great achievements
have been made in revealing the structural biology of PPO. Five PPO crystal structures, four isolated in enzyme-inhibitor complexes and one in the native form, have been determined, including those from Nicotiana tabacum, Myxococcus Xanthus, Bacillus subtilis, and human. Although PPO
inhibitors have been developed for over forty years, we continue to uncover exciting future prospects for novel PPO-inhibiting herbicides. In this review, we have summarized the structures of PPOs from plants, human, and bacteria; the interactions between PPOs and inhibitors; the quantitative
structure–activity relationships of PPO inhibitors; and the molecular design of new PPO inhibitors.
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| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:18:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa72f0c259e448c1a5e0b8121ff86b4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0009-4293 2673-2424 |
| language | deu |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:18:39Z |
| publishDate | 2011-12-01 |
| publisher | Swiss Chemical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | CHIMIA |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa72f0c259e448c1a5e0b8121ff86b4e2022-12-22T00:05:42ZdeuSwiss Chemical SocietyCHIMIA0009-42932673-24242011-12-01651210.2533/chimia.2011.961Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide DiscoveryGe-Fei Hao0Yang Zuo1Sheng-Gang Yang2Guang-Fu Yang3College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Wuhan 430079, P. R. ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Wuhan 430079, P. R. ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Wuhan 430079, P. R. ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Wuhan 430079, P. R. China. gfyang@mail.ccnu.edu.cn As the last common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway leading to heme and chlorophyll, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO; EC 1.3.3.4) is an ideal target for herbicide development. Currently, about 30 PPO inhibitors have been developed as agricultural herbicides. PPO inhibitors have displayed environmentally benign, but advantageous characteristics, including low toxicity, low effective concentration, broad herbicidal spectrum (active against both monocotyledon and dicotyledon weeds), quick onset of action, and long lasting effect. Over the last several years, great achievements have been made in revealing the structural biology of PPO. Five PPO crystal structures, four isolated in enzyme-inhibitor complexes and one in the native form, have been determined, including those from Nicotiana tabacum, Myxococcus Xanthus, Bacillus subtilis, and human. Although PPO inhibitors have been developed for over forty years, we continue to uncover exciting future prospects for novel PPO-inhibiting herbicides. In this review, we have summarized the structures of PPOs from plants, human, and bacteria; the interactions between PPOs and inhibitors; the quantitative structure–activity relationships of PPO inhibitors; and the molecular design of new PPO inhibitors. https://www.chimia.ch/chimia/article/view/5139HerbicideInhibitorMolecular designProtoporphyrinogen oxidaseQsar |
| spellingShingle | Ge-Fei Hao Yang Zuo Sheng-Gang Yang Guang-Fu Yang Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery CHIMIA Herbicide Inhibitor Molecular design Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Qsar |
| title | Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery |
| title_full | Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery |
| title_fullStr | Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery |
| title_short | Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor: An Ideal Target for Herbicide Discovery |
| title_sort | protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor an ideal target for herbicide discovery |
| topic | Herbicide Inhibitor Molecular design Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Qsar |
| url | https://www.chimia.ch/chimia/article/view/5139 |
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