| Summary: | This article analyzes conflict mediation as a field of practices and knowledge of conflict management in Brazil, referred to in this article as « justice of dialogue ». I examine how the workings of extrajudicial mediation in the Balcões de Direitos, or Counters of Rights, in two Brazilian cities. Mediation brings an ideal of participatory justice based on communication, less bureaucracy and greater access to justice for low-income populations. However, I also argue that the use of mediation ends up producing not a subject of citizenship rights but the recognition of women as « subjects of alimony », through the educational control of poor families.
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