Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study
High morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 were described in the pre-vaccination era in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). To evaluate COVID-19 morbidity after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, we carried out a prospective study in 200 CLL patients. The median age of patients was 70 years; 35...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/11/2993 |
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| author | Francesca R. Mauro Diana Giannarelli Clementina M. Galluzzo Andrea Visentin Anna M. Frustaci Paolo Sportoletti Candida Vitale Gianluigi Reda Massimo Gentile Luciano Levato Roberta Murru Daniele Armiento Maria C. Molinari Giulia Proietti Sara Pepe Filomena De Falco Veronica Mattiello Luca Barabino Roberta Amici Marta Coscia Alessandra Tedeschi Corrado Girmenia Livio Trentin Silvia Baroncelli |
| author_facet | Francesca R. Mauro Diana Giannarelli Clementina M. Galluzzo Andrea Visentin Anna M. Frustaci Paolo Sportoletti Candida Vitale Gianluigi Reda Massimo Gentile Luciano Levato Roberta Murru Daniele Armiento Maria C. Molinari Giulia Proietti Sara Pepe Filomena De Falco Veronica Mattiello Luca Barabino Roberta Amici Marta Coscia Alessandra Tedeschi Corrado Girmenia Livio Trentin Silvia Baroncelli |
| author_sort | Francesca R. Mauro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 were described in the pre-vaccination era in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). To evaluate COVID-19 morbidity after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, we carried out a prospective study in 200 CLL patients. The median age of patients was 70 years; 35% showed IgG levels ≤ 550 mg/dL, 61% unmutated IGHV, and 34% showed <i>TP</i>53 disruption. Most patients, 83.5%, were previously treated, including 36% with ibrutinib and 37.5% with venetoclax. The serologic response rates to the second and third dose of the vaccine were 39% and 53%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 23.4 months, 41% of patients experienced COVID-19, 36.5% during the Omicron pandemic, and 10% had subsequent COVID-19 events. Severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization was recorded in 26% of patients, and 4% died. Significant and independent factors associated with the response to the vaccine and vulnerability to COVID-19 were age (OR: 0.93; HR: 0.97) and less than 18 months between the start of targeted agents and vaccine (OR: 0.17; HR: 0.31). <i>TP</i>53 mutation and ≥two prior treatments also emerged as significant and independent factors associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19 (HR: 1.85; HR: 2.08). No statistical difference in COVID-19 morbidity was found in patients with or without antibody response to the vaccine (47.5% vs. 52.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.21). Given the persistent risk of infection due to the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, our results support the importance of new vaccines and protective measures to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 in CLL patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:10:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa94d3f58e234c12be7fd020fbf79258 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:10:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa94d3f58e234c12be7fd020fbf792582023-11-18T07:39:17ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-05-011511299310.3390/cancers15112993Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter StudyFrancesca R. Mauro0Diana Giannarelli1Clementina M. Galluzzo2Andrea Visentin3Anna M. Frustaci4Paolo Sportoletti5Candida Vitale6Gianluigi Reda7Massimo Gentile8Luciano Levato9Roberta Murru10Daniele Armiento11Maria C. Molinari12Giulia Proietti13Sara Pepe14Filomena De Falco15Veronica Mattiello16Luca Barabino17Roberta Amici18Marta Coscia19Alessandra Tedeschi20Corrado Girmenia21Livio Trentin22Silvia Baroncelli23Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyDesign and Analysis of Clinical Trials Unit, Scientific Directorate, IRCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, ItalyNational Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, ItalyHematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, ItalyASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Hematology and Center for Hemato-Oncology Research, University of Perugia and Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06129 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino and Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10125 Torino, ItalyHematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyHematology Unit AO of Cosenza, Cosenza and Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, ItalyDepartment Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyHematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Ospedale Oncologico A. Businco, ARNAS “G. Brotzu”, 09134 Cagliari, ItalyUnit of Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, University Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, ItalyHematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyHematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyHematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, ItalyInstitute of Hematology and Center for Hemato-Oncology Research, University of Perugia and Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06129 Perugia, ItalyHematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyNational Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino and Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10125 Torino, ItalyASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, ItalyAzienda Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Roma, ItalyHematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, ItalyNational Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, ItalyHigh morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 were described in the pre-vaccination era in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). To evaluate COVID-19 morbidity after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, we carried out a prospective study in 200 CLL patients. The median age of patients was 70 years; 35% showed IgG levels ≤ 550 mg/dL, 61% unmutated IGHV, and 34% showed <i>TP</i>53 disruption. Most patients, 83.5%, were previously treated, including 36% with ibrutinib and 37.5% with venetoclax. The serologic response rates to the second and third dose of the vaccine were 39% and 53%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 23.4 months, 41% of patients experienced COVID-19, 36.5% during the Omicron pandemic, and 10% had subsequent COVID-19 events. Severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization was recorded in 26% of patients, and 4% died. Significant and independent factors associated with the response to the vaccine and vulnerability to COVID-19 were age (OR: 0.93; HR: 0.97) and less than 18 months between the start of targeted agents and vaccine (OR: 0.17; HR: 0.31). <i>TP</i>53 mutation and ≥two prior treatments also emerged as significant and independent factors associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19 (HR: 1.85; HR: 2.08). No statistical difference in COVID-19 morbidity was found in patients with or without antibody response to the vaccine (47.5% vs. 52.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.21). Given the persistent risk of infection due to the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, our results support the importance of new vaccines and protective measures to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 in CLL patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/11/2993chronic lymphocytic leukemiaCOVID-19Omicron |
| spellingShingle | Francesca R. Mauro Diana Giannarelli Clementina M. Galluzzo Andrea Visentin Anna M. Frustaci Paolo Sportoletti Candida Vitale Gianluigi Reda Massimo Gentile Luciano Levato Roberta Murru Daniele Armiento Maria C. Molinari Giulia Proietti Sara Pepe Filomena De Falco Veronica Mattiello Luca Barabino Roberta Amici Marta Coscia Alessandra Tedeschi Corrado Girmenia Livio Trentin Silvia Baroncelli Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study Cancers chronic lymphocytic leukemia COVID-19 Omicron |
| title | Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study |
| title_full | Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study |
| title_fullStr | Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study |
| title_short | Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study |
| title_sort | antibody response to the sars cov 2 vaccine and covid 19 vulnerability during the omicron pandemic in patients with cll two year follow up of a multicenter study |
| topic | chronic lymphocytic leukemia COVID-19 Omicron |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/11/2993 |
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