The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp.
Abstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are cosmopolitan protozoans that cause infections in the brain, as well as extracerebral infections in the cornea, lungs and skin. Little is known about the mechanisms of the immunological response to these parasites in organs which are not their main biotope. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04351-4 |
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| author | Karolina Kot Danuta Kosik-Bogacka Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk |
| author_facet | Karolina Kot Danuta Kosik-Bogacka Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk |
| author_sort | Karolina Kot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are cosmopolitan protozoans that cause infections in the brain, as well as extracerebral infections in the cornea, lungs and skin. Little is known about the mechanisms of the immunological response to these parasites in organs which are not their main biotope. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice, with respect to the host’s immunological status. Methods The mice were grouped into four groups: immunocompetent control mice; immunosuppressed control mice; immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice; and immunosuppressed Acanthamoeba spp. infected mice. In the study, we used the amoebae T16 genotype which was isolated from a patient. The TLRs expressions in the kidneys and heart of mice were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, we visualized TLR2 and TLR4 proteins in the organs by immunohistochemical staining. Results In the kidneys, we observed a higher TLR2 expression in immunosuppressed mice at 24 days post-Acanthamoeba spp. infection (dpi) compared to the uninfected mice. There were no statistically significant differences in TLR4 expression in the kidneys between the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice, both of infected and uninfected mice. In the heart, we observed a difference in TLR2 expression in immunocompetent mice at 24 dpi compared to immunocompetent mice at 8 dpi. The immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice had higher TLR4 expression at 8 dpi compared to the immunocompetent uninfected mice. Conclusions Our results indicate that TLR2 is involved in response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection in the kidneys, whereas in the heart, both studied TLRs are involved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:57:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aa9b641337df4439b48e4cf28b1732b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:57:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-aa9b641337df4439b48e4cf28b1732b12022-12-22T00:59:23ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052020-09-0113111110.1186/s13071-020-04351-4The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp.Karolina Kot0Danuta Kosik-Bogacka1Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera2Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk3Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk4Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in SzczecinIndependent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in SzczecinDepartment of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in SzczecinDepartment of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in SzczecinAbstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are cosmopolitan protozoans that cause infections in the brain, as well as extracerebral infections in the cornea, lungs and skin. Little is known about the mechanisms of the immunological response to these parasites in organs which are not their main biotope. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice, with respect to the host’s immunological status. Methods The mice were grouped into four groups: immunocompetent control mice; immunosuppressed control mice; immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice; and immunosuppressed Acanthamoeba spp. infected mice. In the study, we used the amoebae T16 genotype which was isolated from a patient. The TLRs expressions in the kidneys and heart of mice were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, we visualized TLR2 and TLR4 proteins in the organs by immunohistochemical staining. Results In the kidneys, we observed a higher TLR2 expression in immunosuppressed mice at 24 days post-Acanthamoeba spp. infection (dpi) compared to the uninfected mice. There were no statistically significant differences in TLR4 expression in the kidneys between the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice, both of infected and uninfected mice. In the heart, we observed a difference in TLR2 expression in immunocompetent mice at 24 dpi compared to immunocompetent mice at 8 dpi. The immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice had higher TLR4 expression at 8 dpi compared to the immunocompetent uninfected mice. Conclusions Our results indicate that TLR2 is involved in response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection in the kidneys, whereas in the heart, both studied TLRs are involved.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04351-4Acanthamoeba spp.KidneysHeartToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) |
| spellingShingle | Karolina Kot Danuta Kosik-Bogacka Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. Parasites & Vectors Acanthamoeba spp. Kidneys Heart Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) |
| title | The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. |
| title_full | The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. |
| title_fullStr | The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. |
| title_short | The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. |
| title_sort | expression of tlr2 and tlr4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with acanthamoeba spp |
| topic | Acanthamoeba spp. Kidneys Heart Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04351-4 |
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