Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation
Despite the rising evidence in favor of immunotherapy (IT), the treatment of oncological patients affected by so-called “cold tumors” still represents an open issue. Cold tumors are characterized by an immunosuppressive (so-called cold) tumor microenvironment (TME), which favors host immune system s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Current Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/7/366 |
| _version_ | 1797406857722068992 |
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| author | Federico Iori Alessio Bruni Salvatore Cozzi Patrizia Ciammella Francesca Di Pressa Luca Boldrini Carlo Greco Valerio Nardone Viola Salvestrini Isacco Desideri Francesca De Felice Cinzia Iotti |
| author_facet | Federico Iori Alessio Bruni Salvatore Cozzi Patrizia Ciammella Francesca Di Pressa Luca Boldrini Carlo Greco Valerio Nardone Viola Salvestrini Isacco Desideri Francesca De Felice Cinzia Iotti |
| author_sort | Federico Iori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the rising evidence in favor of immunotherapy (IT), the treatment of oncological patients affected by so-called “cold tumors” still represents an open issue. Cold tumors are characterized by an immunosuppressive (so-called cold) tumor microenvironment (TME), which favors host immune system suppression, cancer immune-escape, and a worse response to IT. However, the TME is not a static element, but dynamically mutates and can be changed. Radiotherapy (RT) can modulate a cold microenvironment, rendering it better at tumor killing by priming the quiescent host immune system, with a consequent increase in immunotherapy response. The combination of TME radiomodulation and IT could therefore be a strategy for those patients affected by cold tumors, with limited or no response to IT. Thus, this review aims to provide an easy, rapid, and practical overview of how RT could convert the cold TME and why cold tumor radiomodulation could represent an interesting strategy in combination with IT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:32:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aaa812d0258744cebe7a83146203fb49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1198-0052 1718-7729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:32:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-aaa812d0258744cebe7a83146203fb492023-12-03T14:53:00ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292022-06-012974612462410.3390/curroncol29070366Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment RadiomodulationFederico Iori0Alessio Bruni1Salvatore Cozzi2Patrizia Ciammella3Francesca Di Pressa4Luca Boldrini5Carlo Greco6Valerio Nardone7Viola Salvestrini8Isacco Desideri9Francesca De Felice10Cinzia Iotti11Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyRadiotherapy Unit, Oncology and Hematology Department, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, ItalyRadiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyRadiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyRadiotherapy Unit, Oncology and Hematology Department, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, ItalyRadiation Oncology Unit, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyRadiation Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, ItalyRadiotherapy Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, ItalyRadiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyRadiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyRadiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyDespite the rising evidence in favor of immunotherapy (IT), the treatment of oncological patients affected by so-called “cold tumors” still represents an open issue. Cold tumors are characterized by an immunosuppressive (so-called cold) tumor microenvironment (TME), which favors host immune system suppression, cancer immune-escape, and a worse response to IT. However, the TME is not a static element, but dynamically mutates and can be changed. Radiotherapy (RT) can modulate a cold microenvironment, rendering it better at tumor killing by priming the quiescent host immune system, with a consequent increase in immunotherapy response. The combination of TME radiomodulation and IT could therefore be a strategy for those patients affected by cold tumors, with limited or no response to IT. Thus, this review aims to provide an easy, rapid, and practical overview of how RT could convert the cold TME and why cold tumor radiomodulation could represent an interesting strategy in combination with IT.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/7/366radiotherapytumor microenvironmentcold tumorsradiomodulationimmune escapeabscopal effect |
| spellingShingle | Federico Iori Alessio Bruni Salvatore Cozzi Patrizia Ciammella Francesca Di Pressa Luca Boldrini Carlo Greco Valerio Nardone Viola Salvestrini Isacco Desideri Francesca De Felice Cinzia Iotti Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation Current Oncology radiotherapy tumor microenvironment cold tumors radiomodulation immune escape abscopal effect |
| title | Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation |
| title_full | Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation |
| title_fullStr | Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation |
| title_short | Can Radiotherapy Empower the Host Immune System to Counterattack Neoplastic Cells? A Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment Radiomodulation |
| title_sort | can radiotherapy empower the host immune system to counterattack neoplastic cells a systematic review on tumor microenvironment radiomodulation |
| topic | radiotherapy tumor microenvironment cold tumors radiomodulation immune escape abscopal effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/7/366 |
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