Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i>
Between July and September 2021, researchers collected 100 specimens of the Spanish slug, <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, and dissected their cadavers to examine them for parasitic nematodes. Molecular techniques were used to identify the nematodes, which confirmed the presence of <i>Oschei...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Žiga Laznik Stanislav Trdan Tímea Tóth Szabolcs Ádám Tamás Lakatos Ivana Majić |
| author_facet | Žiga Laznik Stanislav Trdan Tímea Tóth Szabolcs Ádám Tamás Lakatos Ivana Majić |
| author_sort | Žiga Laznik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Between July and September 2021, researchers collected 100 specimens of the Spanish slug, <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, and dissected their cadavers to examine them for parasitic nematodes. Molecular techniques were used to identify the nematodes, which confirmed the presence of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i>, marking the first recorded instance of this nematode in a gastropod host. To test the virulence of Slovenian strains of <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> and their effects on the feeding behavior of the Spanish slug, grey field slug (<i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>), and vineyard snail (<i>Cernuella virgata</i>), laboratory bioassays were conducted using nematodes grown in vivo. Nematodes were applied at various doses ranging from 10 to 500 nematodes/gastropod. The results showed that <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>P. papillosa</i> caused significant mortality (82.5% ± 2.5% at 15 °C) of the Spanish slug while being less effective against the vineyard snail and grey field slug. Nematodes were more virulent at a lower temperature (15 °C) than at the higher temperature (20 °C) tested in the experiment. Additionally, both nematode species significantly reduced gastropod herbivory. The potential use of <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>P. papillosa</i> as biological control agents against gastropods is discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:01:49Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:01:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-aab6faa2eea34936b8a9ee1fbacf72002023-11-18T00:07:34ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-05-01135138610.3390/agronomy13051386Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i>Žiga Laznik0Stanislav Trdan1Tímea Tóth2Szabolcs Ádám3Tamás Lakatos4Ivana Majić5Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaResearch Institute of Újfehértó, Universty of Debrecen, Vadastag 2, 4244 Ujfeherto, HungaryResearch Institute of Újfehértó, Universty of Debrecen, Vadastag 2, 4244 Ujfeherto, HungaryResearch Centre for Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticultural Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science, Park Str. 2., 1223 Budapest, HungarySection of Entomology and Nematology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaBetween July and September 2021, researchers collected 100 specimens of the Spanish slug, <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, and dissected their cadavers to examine them for parasitic nematodes. Molecular techniques were used to identify the nematodes, which confirmed the presence of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i>, marking the first recorded instance of this nematode in a gastropod host. To test the virulence of Slovenian strains of <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> and their effects on the feeding behavior of the Spanish slug, grey field slug (<i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>), and vineyard snail (<i>Cernuella virgata</i>), laboratory bioassays were conducted using nematodes grown in vivo. Nematodes were applied at various doses ranging from 10 to 500 nematodes/gastropod. The results showed that <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>P. papillosa</i> caused significant mortality (82.5% ± 2.5% at 15 °C) of the Spanish slug while being less effective against the vineyard snail and grey field slug. Nematodes were more virulent at a lower temperature (15 °C) than at the higher temperature (20 °C) tested in the experiment. Additionally, both nematode species significantly reduced gastropod herbivory. The potential use of <i>O. myriophilus</i> and <i>P. papillosa</i> as biological control agents against gastropods is discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1386slug parasitic nematodesthe Spanish slugthe grey field slugthe vineyard snailmortalityfeeding inhibition |
| spellingShingle | Žiga Laznik Stanislav Trdan Tímea Tóth Szabolcs Ádám Tamás Lakatos Ivana Majić Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> Agronomy slug parasitic nematodes the Spanish slug the grey field slug the vineyard snail mortality feeding inhibition |
| title | Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> |
| title_full | Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> |
| title_fullStr | Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> |
| title_short | Discovery of <i>Oscheius myriophilus</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in Gastropods and Its Similar Virulence to <i>Phasmarhabditis papillosa</i> against <i>Arion vulgaris</i>, <i>Deroceras reticulatum</i>, and <i>Cernuella virgata</i> |
| title_sort | discovery of i oscheius myriophilus i nematoda rhabditidae in gastropods and its similar virulence to i phasmarhabditis papillosa i against i arion vulgaris i i deroceras reticulatum i and i cernuella virgata i |
| topic | slug parasitic nematodes the Spanish slug the grey field slug the vineyard snail mortality feeding inhibition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1386 |
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