Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy
The physiological fate of cells that die by apoptosis is their prompt and efficient removal by efferocytosis. During these processes, apoptotic cells release intracellular constituents that include purine nucleotides, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) that induce migra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/10/2207 |
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| author | Varsha Gadiyar Kevin C. Lahey David Calianese Connor Devoe Dhriti Mehta Kristy Bono Samuel Desind Viralkumar Davra Raymond B. Birge |
| author_facet | Varsha Gadiyar Kevin C. Lahey David Calianese Connor Devoe Dhriti Mehta Kristy Bono Samuel Desind Viralkumar Davra Raymond B. Birge |
| author_sort | Varsha Gadiyar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The physiological fate of cells that die by apoptosis is their prompt and efficient removal by efferocytosis. During these processes, apoptotic cells release intracellular constituents that include purine nucleotides, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) that induce migration and chemo-attraction of phagocytes as well as mitogens and extracellular membrane-bound vesicles that contribute to apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation and alteration of the extracellular matrix and the vascular network. Additionally, during efferocytosis, phagocytic cells produce a number of anti-inflammatory and resolving factors, and, together with apoptotic cells, efferocytic events have a homeostatic function that regulates tissue repair. These homeostatic functions are dysregulated in cancers, where, aforementioned events, if not properly controlled, can lead to cancer progression and immune escape. Here, we summarize evidence that apoptosis and efferocytosis are exploited in cancer, as well as discuss current translation and clinical efforts to harness signals from dying cells into therapeutic strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:58:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aabafd5a95914af5b8367e510014aa64 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:58:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-aabafd5a95914af5b8367e510014aa642023-11-20T15:30:59ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-09-01910220710.3390/cells9102207Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer ImmunotherapyVarsha Gadiyar0Kevin C. Lahey1David Calianese2Connor Devoe3Dhriti Mehta4Kristy Bono5Samuel Desind6Viralkumar Davra7Raymond B. Birge8Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USAThe physiological fate of cells that die by apoptosis is their prompt and efficient removal by efferocytosis. During these processes, apoptotic cells release intracellular constituents that include purine nucleotides, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) that induce migration and chemo-attraction of phagocytes as well as mitogens and extracellular membrane-bound vesicles that contribute to apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation and alteration of the extracellular matrix and the vascular network. Additionally, during efferocytosis, phagocytic cells produce a number of anti-inflammatory and resolving factors, and, together with apoptotic cells, efferocytic events have a homeostatic function that regulates tissue repair. These homeostatic functions are dysregulated in cancers, where, aforementioned events, if not properly controlled, can lead to cancer progression and immune escape. Here, we summarize evidence that apoptosis and efferocytosis are exploited in cancer, as well as discuss current translation and clinical efforts to harness signals from dying cells into therapeutic strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/10/2207apoptosisefferocytosiscompensatory proliferationimmune evasioncancerphosphatidylserine (PS) |
| spellingShingle | Varsha Gadiyar Kevin C. Lahey David Calianese Connor Devoe Dhriti Mehta Kristy Bono Samuel Desind Viralkumar Davra Raymond B. Birge Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Cells apoptosis efferocytosis compensatory proliferation immune evasion cancer phosphatidylserine (PS) |
| title | Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | cell death in the tumor microenvironment implications for cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | apoptosis efferocytosis compensatory proliferation immune evasion cancer phosphatidylserine (PS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/10/2207 |
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