Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of genistein on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of common carp fed with high-carbohydrate or high-fat diets. Five diets were used to feed fish: control diet (5% fat; CO), high-fat diet (11% fat; HF), high-ca...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi-Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9555855 |
| _version_ | 1797850523644198912 |
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| author | Liping Yang Mengjuan Zhao Mingyu Liu Wenlei Zhang Shaoyang Zhi Leya Qu Jinrui Xiong Luming Wang Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie |
| author_facet | Liping Yang Mengjuan Zhao Mingyu Liu Wenlei Zhang Shaoyang Zhi Leya Qu Jinrui Xiong Luming Wang Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie |
| author_sort | Liping Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of genistein on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of common carp fed with high-carbohydrate or high-fat diets. Five diets were used to feed fish: control diet (5% fat; CO), high-fat diet (11% fat; HF), high-carbohydrate diet (45% carbohydrate; HC), and HF or HC diet with 500 mg/kg genistein (FG or CG). Results showed that final body weight (FW) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly reduced, but the supplementation with genistein resulted in higher values of FW and SGR than the HF or HC group. Both high carbohydrate and high fat belong to high-energy diets, which may promote lipid deposition. Genistein obviously decreased liver triglyceride (TG) content and alleviated hepatic fat vacuolation in the HF and HC groups. The expression of lipid metabolism genes (cpt-1 and atgl) was markedly higher in the FG group than in the HF group. The lipid synthesis-related genes (fas, acc, and pparγ) were elevated in high-energy diets but recovered to the control level or reduced after genistein treatments. With respect to fatty acid transporter genes, fatp increased in the FG group, and cd36 increased in the CG group. Furthermore, the antioxidant and immune indexes, such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), and lysozyme (LZM) activities, were decreased, while malonate aldehyde (MDA) content, activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were enhanced in the HF and HC groups. The antioxidant and immunity values could be ameliorated by treatment with genistein. Moreover, the transcript levels of antioxidant-related genes (cat, gr, and nrf2) in the liver and anti-inflammatory factors (tgf-β and il-10) and lyz in the head kidney tissue were promoted, although the expression levels of proinflammatory factors (tnf-α and il-6) declined in the genistein supplementation group, which confirmed the antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects of genistein. Therefore, 500 mg/kg genistein could ameliorate the negative effects of high-energy diets on immunity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:02:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aabcf7487a664e82bdb2a6fd0dba3029 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1365-2095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:02:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi-Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-aabcf7487a664e82bdb2a6fd0dba30292023-04-08T00:00:10ZengHindawi-WileyAquaculture Nutrition1365-20952023-01-01202310.1155/2023/9555855Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat DietsLiping Yang0Mengjuan Zhao1Mingyu Liu2Wenlei Zhang3Shaoyang Zhi4Leya Qu5Jinrui Xiong6Luming Wang7Chaobin Qin8Guoxing Nie9College of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesCollege of FisheriesA 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of genistein on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of common carp fed with high-carbohydrate or high-fat diets. Five diets were used to feed fish: control diet (5% fat; CO), high-fat diet (11% fat; HF), high-carbohydrate diet (45% carbohydrate; HC), and HF or HC diet with 500 mg/kg genistein (FG or CG). Results showed that final body weight (FW) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly reduced, but the supplementation with genistein resulted in higher values of FW and SGR than the HF or HC group. Both high carbohydrate and high fat belong to high-energy diets, which may promote lipid deposition. Genistein obviously decreased liver triglyceride (TG) content and alleviated hepatic fat vacuolation in the HF and HC groups. The expression of lipid metabolism genes (cpt-1 and atgl) was markedly higher in the FG group than in the HF group. The lipid synthesis-related genes (fas, acc, and pparγ) were elevated in high-energy diets but recovered to the control level or reduced after genistein treatments. With respect to fatty acid transporter genes, fatp increased in the FG group, and cd36 increased in the CG group. Furthermore, the antioxidant and immune indexes, such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), and lysozyme (LZM) activities, were decreased, while malonate aldehyde (MDA) content, activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were enhanced in the HF and HC groups. The antioxidant and immunity values could be ameliorated by treatment with genistein. Moreover, the transcript levels of antioxidant-related genes (cat, gr, and nrf2) in the liver and anti-inflammatory factors (tgf-β and il-10) and lyz in the head kidney tissue were promoted, although the expression levels of proinflammatory factors (tnf-α and il-6) declined in the genistein supplementation group, which confirmed the antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects of genistein. Therefore, 500 mg/kg genistein could ameliorate the negative effects of high-energy diets on immunity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9555855 |
| spellingShingle | Liping Yang Mengjuan Zhao Mingyu Liu Wenlei Zhang Shaoyang Zhi Leya Qu Jinrui Xiong Luming Wang Chaobin Qin Guoxing Nie Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets Aquaculture Nutrition |
| title | Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets |
| title_full | Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets |
| title_short | Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets |
| title_sort | effects of genistein on lipid metabolism antioxidant activity and immunity of common carp cyprinus carpio l fed with high carbohydrate and high fat diets |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9555855 |
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