Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects
With rapid economic development and the increasing demand for drinking water, a large amount of groundwater is exploited, resulting in a high F− content in groundwater, which is harmful to the environment and human body. In this study, 5,464 data points of fluoride in shallow groundwater were collec...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2022.1084890/full |
| _version_ | 1797956614042419200 |
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| author | Ping Zhao Shuheng Zhang Kaijian Xu Yuejiao Zhao Pengju Shen Lele Zhu Liugen Zheng |
| author_facet | Ping Zhao Shuheng Zhang Kaijian Xu Yuejiao Zhao Pengju Shen Lele Zhu Liugen Zheng |
| author_sort | Ping Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With rapid economic development and the increasing demand for drinking water, a large amount of groundwater is exploited, resulting in a high F− content in groundwater, which is harmful to the environment and human body. In this study, 5,464 data points of fluoride in shallow groundwater were collected, and the F− content distribution, occurrence form and environmental impact of shallow groundwater were discussed. The results showed that 1) the F− content in shallow groundwater in China ranged from 0 to 60 mg/L, with a mean content of 0.90 mg/L; the lowest average F− content in shallow groundwater in Southwest China was 0.36 mg/L; South China (1.20 mg/L), Northeast China (1.25 mg/L) and Northwest China (1.25 mg/L) were considered high-fluoride areas, and North China (0.93 mg/L), East China (0.67 mg/L) and Central China (0.80 mg/L) were considered low-fluoride areas. The mean F− content in groundwater differed between provinces and cities. 2) The F− in shallow groundwater mainly occurred in ionic, complex ionic and organic fluoride molecular states. 3) The influence of a high F− content in shallow groundwater on the environment was mainly manifested in the increase in water F− concentration and soil F− and vegetable F− content. The influence of a high F− content on the human body was mainly manifested in an increase in urinary F− content in children, a high prevalence of dental fluorosis in children, an increase in skeletal fluorosis rate in adults with age, and an influence on cognitive function of older adults. These results provide a basis for F− pollution control and high-fluoride water treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:52:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aacb7c1b12964d8f881234d8a4d32dae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-6463 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:52:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-aacb7c1b12964d8f881234d8a4d32dae2023-01-10T16:21:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632023-01-011010.3389/feart.2022.10848901084890Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effectsPing Zhao0Shuheng Zhang1Kaijian Xu2Yuejiao Zhao3Pengju Shen4Lele Zhu5Liugen Zheng6School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Spatial Information Intelligence Analysis and Application, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Spatial Information Intelligence Analysis and Application, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Spatial Information Intelligence Analysis and Application, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Spatial Information Intelligence Analysis and Application, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Spatial Information Intelligence Analysis and Application, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, ChinaAnhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, ChinaAnhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, ChinaWith rapid economic development and the increasing demand for drinking water, a large amount of groundwater is exploited, resulting in a high F− content in groundwater, which is harmful to the environment and human body. In this study, 5,464 data points of fluoride in shallow groundwater were collected, and the F− content distribution, occurrence form and environmental impact of shallow groundwater were discussed. The results showed that 1) the F− content in shallow groundwater in China ranged from 0 to 60 mg/L, with a mean content of 0.90 mg/L; the lowest average F− content in shallow groundwater in Southwest China was 0.36 mg/L; South China (1.20 mg/L), Northeast China (1.25 mg/L) and Northwest China (1.25 mg/L) were considered high-fluoride areas, and North China (0.93 mg/L), East China (0.67 mg/L) and Central China (0.80 mg/L) were considered low-fluoride areas. The mean F− content in groundwater differed between provinces and cities. 2) The F− in shallow groundwater mainly occurred in ionic, complex ionic and organic fluoride molecular states. 3) The influence of a high F− content in shallow groundwater on the environment was mainly manifested in the increase in water F− concentration and soil F− and vegetable F− content. The influence of a high F− content on the human body was mainly manifested in an increase in urinary F− content in children, a high prevalence of dental fluorosis in children, an increase in skeletal fluorosis rate in adults with age, and an influence on cognitive function of older adults. These results provide a basis for F− pollution control and high-fluoride water treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2022.1084890/fullshallow groundwaterF-distributionenvironmental effectsoccurrenceform |
| spellingShingle | Ping Zhao Shuheng Zhang Kaijian Xu Yuejiao Zhao Pengju Shen Lele Zhu Liugen Zheng Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects Frontiers in Earth Science shallow groundwater F-distribution environmental effects occurrence form |
| title | Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects |
| title_full | Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects |
| title_fullStr | Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects |
| title_short | Fluorine in shallow groundwater in China: A review of distribution, occurrence and environmental effects |
| title_sort | fluorine in shallow groundwater in china a review of distribution occurrence and environmental effects |
| topic | shallow groundwater F-distribution environmental effects occurrence form |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2022.1084890/full |
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