Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance
Rice husk (RH) is a bio-based material and can be a valuable source of bioenergy. Burning RH to produce thermal energy results in the generation of RH ash (RHA). RHA contains abundant silica. This study prepared mesostructured RH–SBA-15 by using RHA as a silicon source. A nanosized TiO2 photocatalys...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001667 |
| _version_ | 1797226708969979904 |
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| author | Tzong-Horng Liou Rui-Ting Liu Yu-Chen Liao Chi-En Ku |
| author_facet | Tzong-Horng Liou Rui-Ting Liu Yu-Chen Liao Chi-En Ku |
| author_sort | Tzong-Horng Liou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rice husk (RH) is a bio-based material and can be a valuable source of bioenergy. Burning RH to produce thermal energy results in the generation of RH ash (RHA). RHA contains abundant silica. This study prepared mesostructured RH–SBA-15 by using RHA as a silicon source. A nanosized TiO2 photocatalyst was then synthesized using RH–SBA-15 as the support material. XRD and TEM confirmed that TiO2 nanoparticles with mainly anatase structures were adequately dispersed in the hexagonal mesopores of the RH–SBA-15 sample. The TiO2 particles had crystalline sizes of 6.5–7.9 nm and band gap energies of 3.45–3.47 eV. FTIR and XPS spectra verified that TiO2 had been successfully combined with the SiO2 material. The composite catalysts had surface areas of 248–383 m2/g, pore volumes of 0.425–0.575 cm3/g, and pore sizes of 6.12–6.35 nm. Calcination temperature, a parameter in the catalyst production process, strongly influenced the surface characteristics and pore structures of the composite catalysts. We also investigated the photodegradation of reaction blue 4 (RB4) with the composite catalysts. The catalyst’s photoactivity was affected by adsorbent type, RB4 concentration, agitation speed, and calcination temperature. In addition, this study explored the photodegradation kinetics and mechanism. Converting RHA into SBA-15-based catalyst composites not only eliminates the disposal problem of agricultural waste, but also provides valuable information on wastewater purification. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:29:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aad5746eff15483b81b6fe150f78a54d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:29:13Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-aad5746eff15483b81b6fe150f78a54d2024-04-03T04:26:21ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522024-06-01176105764Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performanceTzong-Horng Liou0Rui-Ting Liu1Yu-Chen Liao2Chi-En Ku3Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan; Battery Research Center of Green Energy, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan; R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan.Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan, New Taipei 24301, TaiwanRice husk (RH) is a bio-based material and can be a valuable source of bioenergy. Burning RH to produce thermal energy results in the generation of RH ash (RHA). RHA contains abundant silica. This study prepared mesostructured RH–SBA-15 by using RHA as a silicon source. A nanosized TiO2 photocatalyst was then synthesized using RH–SBA-15 as the support material. XRD and TEM confirmed that TiO2 nanoparticles with mainly anatase structures were adequately dispersed in the hexagonal mesopores of the RH–SBA-15 sample. The TiO2 particles had crystalline sizes of 6.5–7.9 nm and band gap energies of 3.45–3.47 eV. FTIR and XPS spectra verified that TiO2 had been successfully combined with the SiO2 material. The composite catalysts had surface areas of 248–383 m2/g, pore volumes of 0.425–0.575 cm3/g, and pore sizes of 6.12–6.35 nm. Calcination temperature, a parameter in the catalyst production process, strongly influenced the surface characteristics and pore structures of the composite catalysts. We also investigated the photodegradation of reaction blue 4 (RB4) with the composite catalysts. The catalyst’s photoactivity was affected by adsorbent type, RB4 concentration, agitation speed, and calcination temperature. In addition, this study explored the photodegradation kinetics and mechanism. Converting RHA into SBA-15-based catalyst composites not only eliminates the disposal problem of agricultural waste, but also provides valuable information on wastewater purification.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001667Rice huskMesoporous catalystFunctionalizationAdsorptionPhotocatalysis |
| spellingShingle | Tzong-Horng Liou Rui-Ting Liu Yu-Chen Liao Chi-En Ku Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance Arabian Journal of Chemistry Rice husk Mesoporous catalyst Functionalization Adsorption Photocatalysis |
| title | Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| title_full | Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| title_fullStr | Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| title_short | Green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| title_sort | green and sustainable synthesis of mesoporous silica from agricultural biowaste and functionalized with tio2 nanoparticles for highly photoactive performance |
| topic | Rice husk Mesoporous catalyst Functionalization Adsorption Photocatalysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001667 |
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