Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields
To investigate the diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities in saline soils, soil samples with three increasing salinity levels (S1, S2 and S3) were collected from a maize field in Yanqi, Xinjiang Province, China. The results showed that the K<sup>+</sup>, Na<s...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| author | Yaling Hou Wenzhi Zeng Menglu Hou Zhao Wang Ying Luo Guoqing Lei Bo Zhou Jiesheng Huang |
| author_facet | Yaling Hou Wenzhi Zeng Menglu Hou Zhao Wang Ying Luo Guoqing Lei Bo Zhou Jiesheng Huang |
| author_sort | Yaling Hou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To investigate the diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities in saline soils, soil samples with three increasing salinity levels (S1, S2 and S3) were collected from a maize field in Yanqi, Xinjiang Province, China. The results showed that the K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> values in the bulk soil were higher than those in the rhizosphere soil, with significant differences in S2 and S3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), invertase, urease and catalase (CAT) were lower in the bulk soil than those in the rhizosphere. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the soil microbial community structure exhibited significant differences between different salinized soils (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Data implied that the fungi were more susceptible to salinity stress than the bacteria based on the Shannon and Chao1 indexes. Mantel tests identified Ca<sup>2+</sup>, available phosphorus (AP), saturated electrical conductivity (EC<sub>e</sub>) and available kalium (AK) as the dominant environmental factors correlated with bacterial community structures (<i>p</i> < 0.001); and AP, urease, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and EC<sub>e</sub> as the dominant factors correlated with fungal community structures (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes showed positive correlations with the salinity gradient. Our findings regarding the bacteria having positive correlations with the level of salinization might be a useful biological indicator of microorganisms in saline soils. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:42:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-aae0ce981d964772bcf719e4f9e7f5f32023-11-22T22:27:33ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-10-011011111410.3390/biology10111114Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize FieldsYaling Hou0Wenzhi Zeng1Menglu Hou2Zhao Wang3Ying Luo4Guoqing Lei5Bo Zhou6Jiesheng Huang7State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaTo investigate the diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities in saline soils, soil samples with three increasing salinity levels (S1, S2 and S3) were collected from a maize field in Yanqi, Xinjiang Province, China. The results showed that the K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> values in the bulk soil were higher than those in the rhizosphere soil, with significant differences in S2 and S3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), invertase, urease and catalase (CAT) were lower in the bulk soil than those in the rhizosphere. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the soil microbial community structure exhibited significant differences between different salinized soils (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Data implied that the fungi were more susceptible to salinity stress than the bacteria based on the Shannon and Chao1 indexes. Mantel tests identified Ca<sup>2+</sup>, available phosphorus (AP), saturated electrical conductivity (EC<sub>e</sub>) and available kalium (AK) as the dominant environmental factors correlated with bacterial community structures (<i>p</i> < 0.001); and AP, urease, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and EC<sub>e</sub> as the dominant factors correlated with fungal community structures (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes showed positive correlations with the salinity gradient. Our findings regarding the bacteria having positive correlations with the level of salinization might be a useful biological indicator of microorganisms in saline soils.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1114soil salinizationbacteriafungisoil microbial diversitysoil microbial community composition |
| spellingShingle | Yaling Hou Wenzhi Zeng Menglu Hou Zhao Wang Ying Luo Guoqing Lei Bo Zhou Jiesheng Huang Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields Biology soil salinization bacteria fungi soil microbial diversity soil microbial community composition |
| title | Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields |
| title_full | Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields |
| title_fullStr | Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields |
| title_full_unstemmed | Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields |
| title_short | Responses of the Soil Microbial Community to Salinity Stress in Maize Fields |
| title_sort | responses of the soil microbial community to salinity stress in maize fields |
| topic | soil salinization bacteria fungi soil microbial diversity soil microbial community composition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1114 |
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