Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse
Radiation belt electron flux dropouts are a kind of drastic variation in the Earth's magnetosphere, understanding of which is of both scientific and societal importance. Using electron flux data from a group of 14 satellites, we report multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopaus...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2016-05-01
|
| Series: | Annales Geophysicae |
| Online Access: | https://www.ann-geophys.net/34/493/2016/angeo-34-493-2016.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811275224875794432 |
|---|---|
| author | Z. Xiang Z. Xiang B. Ni B. Ni C. Zhou Z. Zou X. Gu Z. Zhao X. Zhang X. Zhang S. Zhang X. Li P. Zuo H. Spence G. Reeves |
| author_facet | Z. Xiang Z. Xiang B. Ni B. Ni C. Zhou Z. Zou X. Gu Z. Zhao X. Zhang X. Zhang S. Zhang X. Li P. Zuo H. Spence G. Reeves |
| author_sort | Z. Xiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Radiation belt electron flux dropouts are a kind of drastic variation in the
Earth's magnetosphere, understanding of which is of both scientific and
societal importance. Using electron flux data from a group of 14 satellites,
we report multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and
atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an event of intense
solar wind dynamic pressure pulse. When the pulse occurred, magnetopause and
atmospheric loss could take effect concurrently contributing to the electron
flux dropout. Losses through the magnetopause were observed to be efficient
and significant at <i>L</i> ≳ 5, owing to the magnetopause intrusion into <i>L</i> ∼ 6 and outward radial diffusion associated with sharp negative gradient
in electron phase space density. Losses to the atmosphere were directly
identified from the precipitating electron flux observations, for which pitch
angle scattering by plasma waves could be mainly responsible. While the
convection and substorm injections strongly enhanced the energetic electron
fluxes up to hundreds of keV, they could delay other than avoid the
occurrence of electron flux dropout at these energies. It is demonstrated
that the pulse-time radiation belt electron flux dropout depends strongly on
the specific interplanetary and magnetospheric conditions and that losses
through the magnetopause and to the atmosphere and enhancements of substorm
injection play an essential role in combination, which should be incorporated
as a whole into future simulations for comprehending the nature of radiation
belt electron flux dropouts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:34:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aae762567fdd498b9ecc8388cc749d5f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0992-7689 1432-0576 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:34:07Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annales Geophysicae |
| spelling | doaj.art-aae762567fdd498b9ecc8388cc749d5f2022-12-22T03:12:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsAnnales Geophysicae0992-76891432-05762016-05-013449350910.5194/angeo-34-493-2016Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulseZ. Xiang0Z. Xiang1B. Ni2B. Ni3C. Zhou4Z. Zou5X. Gu6Z. Zhao7X. Zhang8X. Zhang9S. Zhang10X. Li11P. Zuo12H. Spence13G. Reeves14Department of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USAState Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaInstitute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space and Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USASpace Science and Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USARadiation belt electron flux dropouts are a kind of drastic variation in the Earth's magnetosphere, understanding of which is of both scientific and societal importance. Using electron flux data from a group of 14 satellites, we report multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an event of intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse. When the pulse occurred, magnetopause and atmospheric loss could take effect concurrently contributing to the electron flux dropout. Losses through the magnetopause were observed to be efficient and significant at <i>L</i> ≳ 5, owing to the magnetopause intrusion into <i>L</i> ∼ 6 and outward radial diffusion associated with sharp negative gradient in electron phase space density. Losses to the atmosphere were directly identified from the precipitating electron flux observations, for which pitch angle scattering by plasma waves could be mainly responsible. While the convection and substorm injections strongly enhanced the energetic electron fluxes up to hundreds of keV, they could delay other than avoid the occurrence of electron flux dropout at these energies. It is demonstrated that the pulse-time radiation belt electron flux dropout depends strongly on the specific interplanetary and magnetospheric conditions and that losses through the magnetopause and to the atmosphere and enhancements of substorm injection play an essential role in combination, which should be incorporated as a whole into future simulations for comprehending the nature of radiation belt electron flux dropouts.https://www.ann-geophys.net/34/493/2016/angeo-34-493-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Z. Xiang Z. Xiang B. Ni B. Ni C. Zhou Z. Zou X. Gu Z. Zhao X. Zhang X. Zhang S. Zhang X. Li P. Zuo H. Spence G. Reeves Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse Annales Geophysicae |
| title | Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| title_full | Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| title_fullStr | Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| title_short | Multi-satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| title_sort | multi satellite simultaneous observations of magnetopause and atmospheric losses of radiation belt electrons during an intense solar wind dynamic pressure pulse |
| url | https://www.ann-geophys.net/34/493/2016/angeo-34-493-2016.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zxiang multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT zxiang multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT bni multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT bni multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT czhou multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT zzou multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT xgu multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT zzhao multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT xzhang multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT xzhang multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT szhang multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT xli multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT pzuo multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT hspence multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse AT greeves multisatellitesimultaneousobservationsofmagnetopauseandatmosphericlossesofradiationbeltelectronsduringanintensesolarwinddynamicpressurepulse |