Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a recalcitrant disease characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. The extremely complex genomic landscape of PC has a deep influence on cultivating a tumor microenvironment, resulting in the promotion of tumor growth, drug resistance, and immune escape mechanisms....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/7/677 |
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| author | Alessandro Di Federico Valentina Tateo Claudia Parisi Francesca Formica Riccardo Carloni Giorgio Frega Alessandro Rizzo Dalia Ricci Mariacristina Di Marco Andrea Palloni Giovanni Brandi |
| author_facet | Alessandro Di Federico Valentina Tateo Claudia Parisi Francesca Formica Riccardo Carloni Giorgio Frega Alessandro Rizzo Dalia Ricci Mariacristina Di Marco Andrea Palloni Giovanni Brandi |
| author_sort | Alessandro Di Federico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a recalcitrant disease characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. The extremely complex genomic landscape of PC has a deep influence on cultivating a tumor microenvironment, resulting in the promotion of tumor growth, drug resistance, and immune escape mechanisms. Despite outstanding progress in personalized medicine achieved for many types of cancer, chemotherapy still represents the mainstay of treatment for PC. Olaparib was the first agent to demonstrate a significant benefit in a biomarker-selected population, opening the doors for a personalized approach. Despite the failure of a large number of studies testing targeted agents or immunotherapy to demonstrate benefits over standard chemotherapy regimens, some interesting agents, alone or in combination with other drugs, have achieved promising results. A wide spectrum of therapeutic strategies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors tyrosine kinase inhibitors and agents targeting metabolic pathways or the tumor microenvironment, is currently under investigation. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future directions of personalized medicine for patients affected by PC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:28:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aafb77fec1f64a0385c302ab2b577ecd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:28:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-aafb77fec1f64a0385c302ab2b577ecd2023-11-22T04:40:03ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472021-07-0114767710.3390/ph14070677Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized MedicineAlessandro Di Federico0Valentina Tateo1Claudia Parisi2Francesca Formica3Riccardo Carloni4Giorgio Frega5Alessandro Rizzo6Dalia Ricci7Mariacristina Di Marco8Andrea Palloni9Giovanni Brandi10Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDivision of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyPancreatic cancer (PC) is a recalcitrant disease characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. The extremely complex genomic landscape of PC has a deep influence on cultivating a tumor microenvironment, resulting in the promotion of tumor growth, drug resistance, and immune escape mechanisms. Despite outstanding progress in personalized medicine achieved for many types of cancer, chemotherapy still represents the mainstay of treatment for PC. Olaparib was the first agent to demonstrate a significant benefit in a biomarker-selected population, opening the doors for a personalized approach. Despite the failure of a large number of studies testing targeted agents or immunotherapy to demonstrate benefits over standard chemotherapy regimens, some interesting agents, alone or in combination with other drugs, have achieved promising results. A wide spectrum of therapeutic strategies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors tyrosine kinase inhibitors and agents targeting metabolic pathways or the tumor microenvironment, is currently under investigation. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future directions of personalized medicine for patients affected by PC.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/7/677pancreatic cancerimmunotherapytargeted therapytyrosine kinase inhibitorpersonalized medicinemetabolism |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Di Federico Valentina Tateo Claudia Parisi Francesca Formica Riccardo Carloni Giorgio Frega Alessandro Rizzo Dalia Ricci Mariacristina Di Marco Andrea Palloni Giovanni Brandi Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine Pharmaceuticals pancreatic cancer immunotherapy targeted therapy tyrosine kinase inhibitor personalized medicine metabolism |
| title | Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine |
| title_full | Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine |
| title_fullStr | Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine |
| title_short | Hacking Pancreatic Cancer: Present and Future of Personalized Medicine |
| title_sort | hacking pancreatic cancer present and future of personalized medicine |
| topic | pancreatic cancer immunotherapy targeted therapy tyrosine kinase inhibitor personalized medicine metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/7/677 |
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