Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality
Abstract Conservation strategies for threatened species frequently include habitat restoration, but the success of such recovery efforts has been mixed. When the target is an insect herbivore, restoration efforts have traditionally attempted to increase the abundance of its host plant, but these act...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Ecosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1522 |
| _version_ | 1818932581453791232 |
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| author | Frances S. Sivakoff William F. Morris Erik T. Aschehoug Brian R. Hudgens Nick M. Haddad |
| author_facet | Frances S. Sivakoff William F. Morris Erik T. Aschehoug Brian R. Hudgens Nick M. Haddad |
| author_sort | Frances S. Sivakoff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Conservation strategies for threatened species frequently include habitat restoration, but the success of such recovery efforts has been mixed. When the target is an insect herbivore, restoration efforts have traditionally attempted to increase the abundance of its host plant, but these actions' impact on host plant quality has largely been ignored. Here, we test the impact of two forms of habitat restoration, tree removal and stream damming, on the physical and chemical properties of a wetland sedge and on the adult traits of its larval consumer, a wetland butterfly. Tree removal altered plant physical and chemical traits in a manner largely consistent with reduced host plant quality. Females emerging from these plots had fewer mature oocytes in their ovaries upon emergence, suggesting that tree removal has a negative effect on butterfly potential fecundity. Stream damming did not affect plant traits but forewing length increased more steeply with body mass for females from these plots, indicating that small females from dammed plots have a relatively higher wing loading ratio that likely increases the energetic cost of flight. This idea was supported by results from our subsequent capture–mark–recapture study, where both female and male butterflies were less likely to emigrate from dammed plots. Male dispersal was also affected by restoration, but individual body mass rather than wing allometry mediated this effect. Our results highlight the need to consider restoration's impact on host plant quality, in addition to other aspects of habitat quality, when undertaking habitat restoration for threatened herbivores. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:34:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab1109e8f9f74c158f93b6150668b674 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-8925 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:34:46Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab1109e8f9f74c158f93b6150668b6742022-12-21T19:53:17ZengWileyEcosphere2150-89252016-11-01711n/an/a10.1002/ecs2.1522Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant qualityFrances S. Sivakoff0William F. Morris1Erik T. Aschehoug2Brian R. Hudgens3Nick M. Haddad4Department of Entomology The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USADepartment of Biology Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USADepartment of Applied Ecology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695 USAInstitute for Wildlife Studies Arcata California 95518 USADepartment of Applied Ecology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695 USAAbstract Conservation strategies for threatened species frequently include habitat restoration, but the success of such recovery efforts has been mixed. When the target is an insect herbivore, restoration efforts have traditionally attempted to increase the abundance of its host plant, but these actions' impact on host plant quality has largely been ignored. Here, we test the impact of two forms of habitat restoration, tree removal and stream damming, on the physical and chemical properties of a wetland sedge and on the adult traits of its larval consumer, a wetland butterfly. Tree removal altered plant physical and chemical traits in a manner largely consistent with reduced host plant quality. Females emerging from these plots had fewer mature oocytes in their ovaries upon emergence, suggesting that tree removal has a negative effect on butterfly potential fecundity. Stream damming did not affect plant traits but forewing length increased more steeply with body mass for females from these plots, indicating that small females from dammed plots have a relatively higher wing loading ratio that likely increases the energetic cost of flight. This idea was supported by results from our subsequent capture–mark–recapture study, where both female and male butterflies were less likely to emigrate from dammed plots. Male dispersal was also affected by restoration, but individual body mass rather than wing allometry mediated this effect. Our results highlight the need to consider restoration's impact on host plant quality, in addition to other aspects of habitat quality, when undertaking habitat restoration for threatened herbivores.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1522allometrycapture–mark–recapturehabitat qualitypotential fecundityrestorationwetland butterfly |
| spellingShingle | Frances S. Sivakoff William F. Morris Erik T. Aschehoug Brian R. Hudgens Nick M. Haddad Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality Ecosphere allometry capture–mark–recapture habitat quality potential fecundity restoration wetland butterfly |
| title | Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| title_full | Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| title_fullStr | Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| title_full_unstemmed | Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| title_short | Habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| title_sort | habitat restoration alters adult butterfly morphology and potential fecundity through effects on host plant quality |
| topic | allometry capture–mark–recapture habitat quality potential fecundity restoration wetland butterfly |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1522 |
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