Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern for the future of mankind. Common antibiotics fail in the treatment of microbial infections at an alarming rate. Morbidity and mortality rates increase, especially among immune-compromised populations. Medicinal plants and their essential oils, as...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1133 |
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| author | Zehra Edis Samir Haj Bloukh Hamed Abu Sara Iman Haj Bloukh |
| author_facet | Zehra Edis Samir Haj Bloukh Hamed Abu Sara Iman Haj Bloukh |
| author_sort | Zehra Edis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern for the future of mankind. Common antibiotics fail in the treatment of microbial infections at an alarming rate. Morbidity and mortality rates increase, especially among immune-compromised populations. Medicinal plants and their essential oils, as well as iodine could be potential solutions against resistant pathogens. These natural antimicrobials abate microbial proliferation, especially in synergistic combinations. We performed a simple, one-pot synthesis to prepare our formulation with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-complexed iodine (I<sub>2</sub>), <i>Thymus Vulgaris</i> L. (Thyme), and <i>Aloe Barbadensis</i> Miller (AV). SEM/EDS, UV-vis, Raman, FTIR, and XRD analyses verified the purity, composition, and morphology of AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub>. We investigated the inhibitory action of the bio-formulation AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> against 10 selected reference pathogens on impregnated sterile discs, surgical sutures, cotton gauze bandages, surgical face masks, and KN95 masks. The antimicrobial properties of AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> were studied by disc diffusion methods and compared with those of the antibiotics gentamycin and nystatin. The results confirm AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> as a strong antifungal and antibacterial agent against the majority of the tested microorganisms with excellent results on cotton bandages and face masks. After storing AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> for 18 months, the inhibitory action was augmented compared to the fresh formulation. Consequently, we suggest AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> as an antimicrobial agent against wound infections and a spray-on contact killing agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:53:08Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:53:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab1cbbced56f402bbf02b38327e9abf22024-01-29T13:57:23ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-01-01252113310.3390/ijms25021133Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial AgentsZehra Edis0Samir Haj Bloukh1Hamed Abu Sara2Iman Haj Bloukh3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesCenter of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesCenter of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern for the future of mankind. Common antibiotics fail in the treatment of microbial infections at an alarming rate. Morbidity and mortality rates increase, especially among immune-compromised populations. Medicinal plants and their essential oils, as well as iodine could be potential solutions against resistant pathogens. These natural antimicrobials abate microbial proliferation, especially in synergistic combinations. We performed a simple, one-pot synthesis to prepare our formulation with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-complexed iodine (I<sub>2</sub>), <i>Thymus Vulgaris</i> L. (Thyme), and <i>Aloe Barbadensis</i> Miller (AV). SEM/EDS, UV-vis, Raman, FTIR, and XRD analyses verified the purity, composition, and morphology of AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub>. We investigated the inhibitory action of the bio-formulation AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> against 10 selected reference pathogens on impregnated sterile discs, surgical sutures, cotton gauze bandages, surgical face masks, and KN95 masks. The antimicrobial properties of AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> were studied by disc diffusion methods and compared with those of the antibiotics gentamycin and nystatin. The results confirm AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> as a strong antifungal and antibacterial agent against the majority of the tested microorganisms with excellent results on cotton bandages and face masks. After storing AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> for 18 months, the inhibitory action was augmented compared to the fresh formulation. Consequently, we suggest AV-PVP-Thyme-I<sub>2</sub> as an antimicrobial agent against wound infections and a spray-on contact killing agent.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1133green synthesisantimicrobial resistancethyme<i>Aloe Vera</i>smart triiodidessurgical-site infection |
| spellingShingle | Zehra Edis Samir Haj Bloukh Hamed Abu Sara Iman Haj Bloukh Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents International Journal of Molecular Sciences green synthesis antimicrobial resistance thyme <i>Aloe Vera</i> smart triiodides surgical-site infection |
| title | Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_full | Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_short | Green Synthesized Polymeric Iodophors with Thyme as Antimicrobial Agents |
| title_sort | green synthesized polymeric iodophors with thyme as antimicrobial agents |
| topic | green synthesis antimicrobial resistance thyme <i>Aloe Vera</i> smart triiodides surgical-site infection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/2/1133 |
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