Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) rates in children and adolescents are rising globally. T2D is a complex and aggressive disease in children with several comorbidities, high treatment failure rates, and insulin needs within a few years from diagnosis. While myriads of pharmacotherapies are licensed to treat adu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1072879/full |
| _version_ | 1828041182587912192 |
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| author | Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan |
| author_facet | Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan |
| author_sort | Haifa Alfaraidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes (T2D) rates in children and adolescents are rising globally. T2D is a complex and aggressive disease in children with several comorbidities, high treatment failure rates, and insulin needs within a few years from diagnosis. While myriads of pharmacotherapies are licensed to treat adults with T2D, treatments accessible to children and adolescents have been limited until recently. Metformin is an old drug with multiple beneficial metabolic health effects beyond glycemic control. This review discusses Metformin’s origins, its mechanisms of action, and evidence for its use in the pediatric population to treat and prevent T2D. We also explore the evidence for its use as an obesity therapy, which is the primary driver of T2D, and T2D-driven comorbidities. While emerging therapies create new horizons for managing pediatric T2D, Metformin remains an inexpensive and safe part of the treatment plans of many T2D children globally for its beneficial metabolic effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab34e628f57342db9e952e65d14598ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab34e628f57342db9e952e65d14598ba2023-02-06T05:11:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922023-02-011310.3389/fendo.2022.10728791072879Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A reviewHaifa Alfaraidi0Haifa Alfaraidi1Haifa Alfaraidi2M. Constantine Samaan3M. Constantine Samaan4M. Constantine Samaan5M. Constantine Samaan6College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON, CanadaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaMichael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaType 2 diabetes (T2D) rates in children and adolescents are rising globally. T2D is a complex and aggressive disease in children with several comorbidities, high treatment failure rates, and insulin needs within a few years from diagnosis. While myriads of pharmacotherapies are licensed to treat adults with T2D, treatments accessible to children and adolescents have been limited until recently. Metformin is an old drug with multiple beneficial metabolic health effects beyond glycemic control. This review discusses Metformin’s origins, its mechanisms of action, and evidence for its use in the pediatric population to treat and prevent T2D. We also explore the evidence for its use as an obesity therapy, which is the primary driver of T2D, and T2D-driven comorbidities. While emerging therapies create new horizons for managing pediatric T2D, Metformin remains an inexpensive and safe part of the treatment plans of many T2D children globally for its beneficial metabolic effects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1072879/fullmetformintype 2 diabetesyouthmanagementpediatric type 2 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi Haifa Alfaraidi M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan M. Constantine Samaan Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review Frontiers in Endocrinology metformin type 2 diabetes youth management pediatric type 2 diabetes |
| title | Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review |
| title_full | Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review |
| title_fullStr | Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review |
| title_short | Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review |
| title_sort | metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities a review |
| topic | metformin type 2 diabetes youth management pediatric type 2 diabetes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1072879/full |
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