Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children
Altered brain connectivity between regions of the reading network has been associated with reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether connectivity differences between children with dyslexia (DYS) and those with typical reading skills (TR) are specific to reading impairments or to read...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | NeuroImage |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923000186 |
| _version_ | 1811169505872707584 |
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| author | Sarah V. Di Pietro David Willinger Nada Frei Christina Lutz Seline Coraj Chiara Schneider Philipp Stämpfli Silvia Brem |
| author_facet | Sarah V. Di Pietro David Willinger Nada Frei Christina Lutz Seline Coraj Chiara Schneider Philipp Stämpfli Silvia Brem |
| author_sort | Sarah V. Di Pietro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Altered brain connectivity between regions of the reading network has been associated with reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether connectivity differences between children with dyslexia (DYS) and those with typical reading skills (TR) are specific to reading impairments or to reading experience. In this functional MRI study, 132 children (M = 10.06 y, SD = 1.46) performed a phonological lexical decision task. We aimed to disentangle (1) disorder-specific from (2) experience-related differences in effective connectivity and to (3) characterize the development of DYS and TR. We applied dynamic causal modeling to age-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 35) and reading-level-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 22) groups. Developmental effects were assessed in beginning and advanced readers (TR: nbeg = 48, nadv = 35, DYS: nbeg = 24, nadv = 25). We show that altered feedback connectivity between the inferior parietal lobule and the visual word form area (VWFA) during print processing can be specifically attributed to reading impairments, because these alterations were found in DYS compared to both the age-matched and reading-level-matched TR. In contrast, feedforward connectivity from the VWFA to parietal and frontal regions characterized experience in TR and increased with age and reading skill. These directed connectivity findings pinpoint disorder-specific and experience-dependent alterations in the brain's reading network. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:43:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab3b18f07bc244b3b7f5807c1c9a98e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1095-9572 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:43:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab3b18f07bc244b3b7f5807c1c9a98e32023-02-08T04:16:29ZengElsevierNeuroImage1095-95722023-03-01268119869Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in childrenSarah V. Di Pietro0David Willinger1Nada Frei2Christina Lutz3Seline Coraj4Chiara Schneider5Philipp Stämpfli6Silvia Brem7Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, AustriaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandMR-Center of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding author at: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Neumünsterallee 9, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.Altered brain connectivity between regions of the reading network has been associated with reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether connectivity differences between children with dyslexia (DYS) and those with typical reading skills (TR) are specific to reading impairments or to reading experience. In this functional MRI study, 132 children (M = 10.06 y, SD = 1.46) performed a phonological lexical decision task. We aimed to disentangle (1) disorder-specific from (2) experience-related differences in effective connectivity and to (3) characterize the development of DYS and TR. We applied dynamic causal modeling to age-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 35) and reading-level-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 22) groups. Developmental effects were assessed in beginning and advanced readers (TR: nbeg = 48, nadv = 35, DYS: nbeg = 24, nadv = 25). We show that altered feedback connectivity between the inferior parietal lobule and the visual word form area (VWFA) during print processing can be specifically attributed to reading impairments, because these alterations were found in DYS compared to both the age-matched and reading-level-matched TR. In contrast, feedforward connectivity from the VWFA to parietal and frontal regions characterized experience in TR and increased with age and reading skill. These directed connectivity findings pinpoint disorder-specific and experience-dependent alterations in the brain's reading network.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923000186Reading networkDevelopmental dyslexiaDynamic causal modeling (DCM)Effective connectivityfMRIVisual Word Forma Area (VWFA) |
| spellingShingle | Sarah V. Di Pietro David Willinger Nada Frei Christina Lutz Seline Coraj Chiara Schneider Philipp Stämpfli Silvia Brem Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children NeuroImage Reading network Developmental dyslexia Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) Effective connectivity fMRI Visual Word Forma Area (VWFA) |
| title | Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| title_full | Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| title_fullStr | Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| title_short | Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| title_sort | disentangling influences of dyslexia development and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children |
| topic | Reading network Developmental dyslexia Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) Effective connectivity fMRI Visual Word Forma Area (VWFA) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923000186 |
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