ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis
Gut immune cells have been increasingly appreciated as important players in the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS). Among the gut immune cells, innate lymphoid cell type 3 (ILC3) is of special interest in MS research, as they represent the innate ce...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.657622/full |
| _version_ | 1819278889157918720 |
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| author | Đorđe Miljković Bojan Jevtić Ivana Stojanović Mirjana Dimitrijević |
| author_facet | Đorđe Miljković Bojan Jevtić Ivana Stojanović Mirjana Dimitrijević |
| author_sort | Đorđe Miljković |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gut immune cells have been increasingly appreciated as important players in the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS). Among the gut immune cells, innate lymphoid cell type 3 (ILC3) is of special interest in MS research, as they represent the innate cell counterpart of the major pathogenic cell population in MS, i.e. T helper (Th)17 cells. Importantly, these cells have been shown to stimulate regulatory T cells (Treg) and to counteract pathogenic Th17 cells in animal models of autoimmune diseases. Besides, they are also well known for their ability to stabilize the intestinal barrier and to shape the immune response to the gut microbiota. Thus, proper maintenance of the intestinal barrier and the establishment of the regulatory milieu in the gut performed by ILC3 may prevent activation of CNS antigen-specific Th17 cells by the molecular mimicry. Recent findings on the role of ILC3 in the gut-CNS axis and their relevance for MS pathogenesis will be discussed in this paper. Possibilities of ILC3 functional modulation for the benefit of MS patients will be addressed, as well. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:19:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab3c1c0417cb41cdad7e3f63a0dc35d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:19:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab3c1c0417cb41cdad7e3f63a0dc35d62022-12-21T17:24:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-04-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.657622657622ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple SclerosisĐorđe MiljkovićBojan JevtićIvana StojanovićMirjana DimitrijevićGut immune cells have been increasingly appreciated as important players in the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS). Among the gut immune cells, innate lymphoid cell type 3 (ILC3) is of special interest in MS research, as they represent the innate cell counterpart of the major pathogenic cell population in MS, i.e. T helper (Th)17 cells. Importantly, these cells have been shown to stimulate regulatory T cells (Treg) and to counteract pathogenic Th17 cells in animal models of autoimmune diseases. Besides, they are also well known for their ability to stabilize the intestinal barrier and to shape the immune response to the gut microbiota. Thus, proper maintenance of the intestinal barrier and the establishment of the regulatory milieu in the gut performed by ILC3 may prevent activation of CNS antigen-specific Th17 cells by the molecular mimicry. Recent findings on the role of ILC3 in the gut-CNS axis and their relevance for MS pathogenesis will be discussed in this paper. Possibilities of ILC3 functional modulation for the benefit of MS patients will be addressed, as well.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.657622/fullILC3 cellsmultiple sclerosisgut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT)Treg - regulatory T cellTh17 (T helper 17 cell)AhR (Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor) |
| spellingShingle | Đorđe Miljković Bojan Jevtić Ivana Stojanović Mirjana Dimitrijević ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis Frontiers in Immunology ILC3 cells multiple sclerosis gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) Treg - regulatory T cell Th17 (T helper 17 cell) AhR (Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor) |
| title | ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full | ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_short | ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_sort | ilc3 a central innate immune component of the gut brain axis in multiple sclerosis |
| topic | ILC3 cells multiple sclerosis gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) Treg - regulatory T cell Th17 (T helper 17 cell) AhR (Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.657622/full |
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