Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies
The short-term effects of temperature on deammonification sludge were evaluated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Mathematical modeling was used for further evaluations of different intermittent aeration strategies for achieving high and stable deammonification performance at dec...
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2021-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/3961 |
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| author | Hussein Al-Hazmi Xi Lu Dominika Grubba Joanna Majtacz Przemysław Kowal Jacek Mąkinia |
| author_facet | Hussein Al-Hazmi Xi Lu Dominika Grubba Joanna Majtacz Przemysław Kowal Jacek Mąkinia |
| author_sort | Hussein Al-Hazmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The short-term effects of temperature on deammonification sludge were evaluated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Mathematical modeling was used for further evaluations of different intermittent aeration strategies for achieving high and stable deammonification performance at decreasing temperatures. As for the biomass cultivated at high temperatures (e.g., 30 °C), a higher temperature dependency (the adjusted Arrhenius coefficient θ for 11–17 °C = 1.71 vs. θ for 17–30 °C = 1.12) on the specific anammox growth rates was found at lower temperatures (11–17 °C) in comparison with higher temperatures (17–30 °C). Further evaluations of recovering the nitrogen removal efficiency at decreasing temperatures with the mathematical model by modifying the intermittent aeration strategies (aeration frequency (F) and the ratio (R) between non-aerated (non-aer) phase and aerated (aer) phase durations) indicated that intermittent aeration with a prolonged non-aerated phase (e.g., R ≥ 4 regardless of F value) would help to maintain high and stable deammonification performance (~80%) at decreasing temperatures (14–22 °C). Extending the non-aerated phases (increasing R) and reducing the frequency (F) of off/on phase changes have a positive effect on increasing energy savings, leading to increasing interest in this method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:52:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab414a5e456e4a5b90159a434e953d60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:52:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab414a5e456e4a5b90159a434e953d602023-11-22T02:37:51ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-07-011413396110.3390/en14133961Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling StudiesHussein Al-Hazmi0Xi Lu1Dominika Grubba2Joanna Majtacz3Przemysław Kowal4Jacek Mąkinia5Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandThe short-term effects of temperature on deammonification sludge were evaluated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Mathematical modeling was used for further evaluations of different intermittent aeration strategies for achieving high and stable deammonification performance at decreasing temperatures. As for the biomass cultivated at high temperatures (e.g., 30 °C), a higher temperature dependency (the adjusted Arrhenius coefficient θ for 11–17 °C = 1.71 vs. θ for 17–30 °C = 1.12) on the specific anammox growth rates was found at lower temperatures (11–17 °C) in comparison with higher temperatures (17–30 °C). Further evaluations of recovering the nitrogen removal efficiency at decreasing temperatures with the mathematical model by modifying the intermittent aeration strategies (aeration frequency (F) and the ratio (R) between non-aerated (non-aer) phase and aerated (aer) phase durations) indicated that intermittent aeration with a prolonged non-aerated phase (e.g., R ≥ 4 regardless of F value) would help to maintain high and stable deammonification performance (~80%) at decreasing temperatures (14–22 °C). Extending the non-aerated phases (increasing R) and reducing the frequency (F) of off/on phase changes have a positive effect on increasing energy savings, leading to increasing interest in this method.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/3961deammonificationtemperaturemathematical modelingArrhenius coefficientintermittent aeration |
| spellingShingle | Hussein Al-Hazmi Xi Lu Dominika Grubba Joanna Majtacz Przemysław Kowal Jacek Mąkinia Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies Energies deammonification temperature mathematical modeling Arrhenius coefficient intermittent aeration |
| title | Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| title_full | Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| title_fullStr | Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| title_short | Achieving Efficient and Stable Deammonification at Low Temperatures—Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| title_sort | achieving efficient and stable deammonification at low temperatures experimental and modeling studies |
| topic | deammonification temperature mathematical modeling Arrhenius coefficient intermittent aeration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/3961 |
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