Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations
This paper proposes a field probe to measure the power density (PD) at a millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. The proposed probe is composed of a loop antenna in which one end is terminated with a load resistor. Such a structure enables the simultaneous measurement of electric (E)- and magnetic...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/21/11777 |
| _version_ | 1797632222959763456 |
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| author | DukSoo Kwon Young Seung Lee Chang-Hee Hyoung Jung-Hwan Hwang Hyung-Do Choi |
| author_facet | DukSoo Kwon Young Seung Lee Chang-Hee Hyoung Jung-Hwan Hwang Hyung-Do Choi |
| author_sort | DukSoo Kwon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper proposes a field probe to measure the power density (PD) at a millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. The proposed probe is composed of a loop antenna in which one end is terminated with a load resistor. Such a structure enables the simultaneous measurement of electric (E)- and magnetic (H)-fields: the E-field is measured at a gap where the load resistor is placed, and the H-field is measured through the loop antenna. The simultaneous measurement makes it possible to measure PD for an incident wave even in the near field region where the E- and H-fields have different phases from each other. The proposed probe is fabricated and evaluated for its PD measurement performance. The measurement results show that the probe measures PD with an error less than 1.3 dB. Owing to the near field measurement, the proposed probe is useful in measuring the human body exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that are generated by 5G mmWave base stations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:33:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab5fd22e29a6473fb16a1346c07ff697 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:33:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab5fd22e29a6473fb16a1346c07ff6972023-11-10T14:58:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-10-0113211177710.3390/app132111777Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base StationsDukSoo Kwon0Young Seung Lee1Chang-Hee Hyoung2Jung-Hwan Hwang3Hyung-Do Choi4Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaElectronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaElectronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaElectronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaElectronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of KoreaThis paper proposes a field probe to measure the power density (PD) at a millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. The proposed probe is composed of a loop antenna in which one end is terminated with a load resistor. Such a structure enables the simultaneous measurement of electric (E)- and magnetic (H)-fields: the E-field is measured at a gap where the load resistor is placed, and the H-field is measured through the loop antenna. The simultaneous measurement makes it possible to measure PD for an incident wave even in the near field region where the E- and H-fields have different phases from each other. The proposed probe is fabricated and evaluated for its PD measurement performance. The measurement results show that the probe measures PD with an error less than 1.3 dB. Owing to the near field measurement, the proposed probe is useful in measuring the human body exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that are generated by 5G mmWave base stations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/21/11777radiofrequency exposure5Gbase stationsmillimeter-wave measurements |
| spellingShingle | DukSoo Kwon Young Seung Lee Chang-Hee Hyoung Jung-Hwan Hwang Hyung-Do Choi Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations Applied Sciences radiofrequency exposure 5G base stations millimeter-wave measurements |
| title | Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations |
| title_full | Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations |
| title_fullStr | Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations |
| title_short | Loop-Type Field Probe to Measure Human Body Exposure to 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Stations |
| title_sort | loop type field probe to measure human body exposure to 5g millimeter wave base stations |
| topic | radiofrequency exposure 5G base stations millimeter-wave measurements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/21/11777 |
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