Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Stem cells have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. However, the self-regeneration and multi-differentiation capabilities of stem cells are easily impaired during cell transplantation. Recent studies have demonstrated that <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> (<i&g...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4063 |
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| author | Shiau-Ting Shiu Wei-Zhen Lew Sheng-Yang Lee Sheng-Wei Feng Haw-Ming Huang |
| author_facet | Shiau-Ting Shiu Wei-Zhen Lew Sheng-Yang Lee Sheng-Wei Feng Haw-Ming Huang |
| author_sort | Shiau-Ting Shiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stem cells have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. However, the self-regeneration and multi-differentiation capabilities of stem cells are easily impaired during cell transplantation. Recent studies have demonstrated that <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> (<i>S. mukorossi</i>) seed oil has various positive biological effects. However, it is not yet clear whether <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil can increase the growth and differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil on the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. DPSCs with and without <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil, respectively, were evaluated and compared. The viabilities of the cells were assessed by MTT tests. The osteogenetic and odontogenetic capacities of the DPSCs were tested using Alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to examine the gene expression of ALP, BMP-2 and DMP-1. Finally, extracellular matrix vesicle secretion was detected via scanning electron microscopy. No significant difference was observed in the viabilities of the DPSCs with and without <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil, respectively. However, under osteogenic and odontogenic induction, <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil increased the secretion of mineralized nodules and the ALP activity of the DPSCs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The ALP gene expression of the differentiation-induced DPSCs was also enhanced. Finally, a greater secretion of extracellular matrix vesicles was detected in the DPSCs following odontogenic induction complemented with <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil. Overall, the present results show that <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil promotes the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and matrix vesicle secretion of DPSCs. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:21:46Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ab649ca633d641baa97bb87c52e44d1f2023-11-20T13:36:02ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-09-011318406310.3390/ma13184063Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem CellsShiau-Ting Shiu0Wei-Zhen Lew1Sheng-Yang Lee2Sheng-Wei Feng3Haw-Ming Huang4School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanStem cells have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. However, the self-regeneration and multi-differentiation capabilities of stem cells are easily impaired during cell transplantation. Recent studies have demonstrated that <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> (<i>S. mukorossi</i>) seed oil has various positive biological effects. However, it is not yet clear whether <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil can increase the growth and differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil on the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. DPSCs with and without <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil, respectively, were evaluated and compared. The viabilities of the cells were assessed by MTT tests. The osteogenetic and odontogenetic capacities of the DPSCs were tested using Alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to examine the gene expression of ALP, BMP-2 and DMP-1. Finally, extracellular matrix vesicle secretion was detected via scanning electron microscopy. No significant difference was observed in the viabilities of the DPSCs with and without <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil, respectively. However, under osteogenic and odontogenic induction, <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil increased the secretion of mineralized nodules and the ALP activity of the DPSCs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The ALP gene expression of the differentiation-induced DPSCs was also enhanced. Finally, a greater secretion of extracellular matrix vesicles was detected in the DPSCs following odontogenic induction complemented with <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil. Overall, the present results show that <i>S. mukorossi</i> seed oil promotes the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and matrix vesicle secretion of DPSCs.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4063<i>Sapindus mukorossi</i>dental pulp mesenchymal stem cellproliferationosteognesisodontogenesismatrix vesicle |
| spellingShingle | Shiau-Ting Shiu Wei-Zhen Lew Sheng-Yang Lee Sheng-Wei Feng Haw-Ming Huang Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells Materials <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> dental pulp mesenchymal stem cell proliferation osteognesis odontogenesis matrix vesicle |
| title | Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| title_sort | effects of i sapindus mukorossi i seed oil on proliferation osteogenetic odontogenetic differentiation and matrix vesicle secretion of human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells |
| topic | <i>Sapindus mukorossi</i> dental pulp mesenchymal stem cell proliferation osteognesis odontogenesis matrix vesicle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4063 |
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