Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in neonates and infants through contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Therefore, the aim of this study was a large-scale study on determine the prevalence, molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02026/full |
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| author | Peng Fei Yichao Jiang Yan Jiang Xiujuan Yuan Tongxiang Yang Junliang Chen Ziyuan Wang Huaibin Kang Stephen J. Forsythe |
| author_facet | Peng Fei Yichao Jiang Yan Jiang Xiujuan Yuan Tongxiang Yang Junliang Chen Ziyuan Wang Huaibin Kang Stephen J. Forsythe |
| author_sort | Peng Fei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in neonates and infants through contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Therefore, the aim of this study was a large-scale study on determine the prevalence, molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of C. sakazakii isolates from PIF purchased from Chinese retail markets. Two thousand and twenty PIF samples were collected from different institutions. Fifty-six C. sakazakii strains were isolated, and identified using fusA sequencing analysis, giving a contamination rate of 2.8%. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was more discriminatory than other genotyping methods. The C. sakazakii isolates were divided into 14 sequence types (STs) by MLST, compared with only seven clusters by ompA and rpoB sequence analysis, and four C. sakazakii serotypes by PCR-based O-antigen serotyping. C. sakazakii ST4 (19/56, 33.9%), ST1 (12/56, 21.4%), and ST64 (11/56, 16.1%) were the dominant sequence types isolated. C. sakazakii serotype O2 (34/56, 60.7%) was the primary serotype, along with ompA6 and rpoB1 as the main allele profiles, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that all C. sakazakii isolates were susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, tetracycline, piperacillin-tazobactam, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The majority of C. sakazakii strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (87.5 and 92.9%, respectively). In contrast, 55.4% C. sakazakii strains were resistant to cephalothin. In conclusion, this large-scale study revealed the prevalence and characteristics of C. sakazakii from PIF in Chinese retail markets, demonstrating a potential risk for neonates and infants, and provide a guided to effective control the contamination of C. sakazakii in production process. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:24:57Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ab689525fbb541ed92cf6ba03f58f2f42022-12-21T22:33:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-10-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.02026297224Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail MarketsPeng Fei0Yichao Jiang1Yan Jiang2Xiujuan Yuan3Tongxiang Yang4Junliang Chen5Ziyuan Wang6Huaibin Kang7Stephen J. Forsythe8College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, ChinaChangbai Mountains Food and Drug Inspection Testing Center, Baishan, ChinaDepartment of Market Supervision and Management, MuLing Food Inspection Testing Center, Mudanjiang, ChinaAnda Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Anda, ChinaCollege of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, ChinaCollege of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, ChinaCollege of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, ChinaCollege of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, ChinaFoodmicrobe.com, Nottingham, United KingdomCronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in neonates and infants through contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Therefore, the aim of this study was a large-scale study on determine the prevalence, molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of C. sakazakii isolates from PIF purchased from Chinese retail markets. Two thousand and twenty PIF samples were collected from different institutions. Fifty-six C. sakazakii strains were isolated, and identified using fusA sequencing analysis, giving a contamination rate of 2.8%. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was more discriminatory than other genotyping methods. The C. sakazakii isolates were divided into 14 sequence types (STs) by MLST, compared with only seven clusters by ompA and rpoB sequence analysis, and four C. sakazakii serotypes by PCR-based O-antigen serotyping. C. sakazakii ST4 (19/56, 33.9%), ST1 (12/56, 21.4%), and ST64 (11/56, 16.1%) were the dominant sequence types isolated. C. sakazakii serotype O2 (34/56, 60.7%) was the primary serotype, along with ompA6 and rpoB1 as the main allele profiles, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that all C. sakazakii isolates were susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, tetracycline, piperacillin-tazobactam, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The majority of C. sakazakii strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (87.5 and 92.9%, respectively). In contrast, 55.4% C. sakazakii strains were resistant to cephalothin. In conclusion, this large-scale study revealed the prevalence and characteristics of C. sakazakii from PIF in Chinese retail markets, demonstrating a potential risk for neonates and infants, and provide a guided to effective control the contamination of C. sakazakii in production process.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02026/fullC. sakazakiiprevalencegenotypingantibiotic susceptibilitypowdered infant formula (PIF) |
| spellingShingle | Peng Fei Yichao Jiang Yan Jiang Xiujuan Yuan Tongxiang Yang Junliang Chen Ziyuan Wang Huaibin Kang Stephen J. Forsythe Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets Frontiers in Microbiology C. sakazakii prevalence genotyping antibiotic susceptibility powdered infant formula (PIF) |
| title | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets |
| title_full | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets |
| title_short | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from Powdered Infant Formula Collected from Chinese Retail Markets |
| title_sort | prevalence molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of cronobacter sakazakii isolates from powdered infant formula collected from chinese retail markets |
| topic | C. sakazakii prevalence genotyping antibiotic susceptibility powdered infant formula (PIF) |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02026/full |
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