Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction
Inter-cell interference has been identified as one of the major challenges of multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled cellular systems. This problem occurs when the same pilot sets are reused across adjacent cells to save bandwidth for data transmission. As a result, so-called pilot contaminat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3163 |
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| author | Ahmed S. Al-hubaishi Nor Kamariah Noordin Aduwati Sali Shamala Subramaniam Ali Mohammed Mansoor Safwan M. Ghaleb |
| author_facet | Ahmed S. Al-hubaishi Nor Kamariah Noordin Aduwati Sali Shamala Subramaniam Ali Mohammed Mansoor Safwan M. Ghaleb |
| author_sort | Ahmed S. Al-hubaishi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inter-cell interference has been identified as one of the major challenges of multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled cellular systems. This problem occurs when the same pilot sets are reused across adjacent cells to save bandwidth for data transmission. As a result, so-called pilot contamination occurs, which cannot be mitigated with an increased number of serving antennas. In this work, we proposed a partial pilot allocation scheme (PPA) to tackle the pilot contamination problem and consequently improve the uplink throughput of users in multi-cell massive MIMO systems. This was achieved by using the large-scale characteristics of the fading channel to keep users with a weak channel condition out of the effect of severe interference during the pilot allocation process. Simulation results showed that the proposed scheme outperformed both smart pilot allocation (SPA) and conventional schemes. In particular, PPA improved the uplink rate by 30% compared to the SPA—a recently proposed schema. Furthermore, our simulation results clearly showed that PPA improved the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and uplink throughput. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:04:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab6f316a8e9d4bdfac7aa150edefb8f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:04:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab6f316a8e9d4bdfac7aa150edefb8f72023-11-20T04:13:49ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-06-011312316310.3390/en13123163Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination ReductionAhmed S. Al-hubaishi0Nor Kamariah Noordin1Aduwati Sali2Shamala Subramaniam3Ali Mohammed Mansoor4Safwan M. Ghaleb5Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Communication Technology and Network, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaFaculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaFaculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu 21030, MalaysiaInter-cell interference has been identified as one of the major challenges of multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled cellular systems. This problem occurs when the same pilot sets are reused across adjacent cells to save bandwidth for data transmission. As a result, so-called pilot contamination occurs, which cannot be mitigated with an increased number of serving antennas. In this work, we proposed a partial pilot allocation scheme (PPA) to tackle the pilot contamination problem and consequently improve the uplink throughput of users in multi-cell massive MIMO systems. This was achieved by using the large-scale characteristics of the fading channel to keep users with a weak channel condition out of the effect of severe interference during the pilot allocation process. Simulation results showed that the proposed scheme outperformed both smart pilot allocation (SPA) and conventional schemes. In particular, PPA improved the uplink rate by 30% compared to the SPA—a recently proposed schema. Furthermore, our simulation results clearly showed that PPA improved the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and uplink throughput.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3163pilot contaminationmassive MIMOpilot allocationlarge-scale fading coefficientspilot sequenceschannel quality |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed S. Al-hubaishi Nor Kamariah Noordin Aduwati Sali Shamala Subramaniam Ali Mohammed Mansoor Safwan M. Ghaleb Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction Energies pilot contamination massive MIMO pilot allocation large-scale fading coefficients pilot sequences channel quality |
| title | Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction |
| title_full | Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction |
| title_fullStr | Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction |
| title_short | Partial Pilot Allocation Scheme in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems for Pilot Contamination Reduction |
| title_sort | partial pilot allocation scheme in multi cell massive mimo systems for pilot contamination reduction |
| topic | pilot contamination massive MIMO pilot allocation large-scale fading coefficients pilot sequences channel quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3163 |
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