Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors
(1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. T...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/1/231 |
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| author | Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé Krisztina Mártha Claudia Bănescu Matthew Brook O’Donnell Alan H. Brook |
| author_facet | Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé Krisztina Mártha Claudia Bănescu Matthew Brook O’Donnell Alan H. Brook |
| author_sort | Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. The aims of the present study were to investigate a specific variant of <i>MSX1</i>, derive morphometric tooth measurements in a sample of patients with isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and matched controls, and model the findings. (2) Methods: Genotyping of the <i>MSX1</i> rs8670 genetic variant and morphometric measurements with a 2D image analysis method were performed for 26 hypodontia patients and 26 matched controls. (3) Results: The risk of upper lateral incisor agenesis was 6.9 times higher when the T allele was present. The morphometric parameters showed significant differences between hypodontia patients and controls and between the unilateral and bilateral agenesis cases. The most affected crown dimension in the hypodontia patients was the bucco-lingual dimension. In crown shape there was significant variation the Carabelli trait in upper first molars. (4) Conclusions: The <i>MSX1</i> rs8670 variant was associated with variations in morphological outcomes. The new findings for compensatory interactions between the maxillary incisors indicate that epigenetic and environmental factors interact with this genetic variant. A single-level directional complex interactive network model incorporates the variations seen in this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:35:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ab801b2a30454a7891e63711f24419ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:35:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-ab801b2a30454a7891e63711f24419ab2023-11-30T22:25:34ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-01-0114123110.3390/genes14010231Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral IncisorsBernadette Kerekes-Máthé0Krisztina Mártha1Claudia Bănescu2Matthew Brook O’Donnell3Alan H. Brook4Department of Morphology of Teeth and Dental Arches, Faculty of Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, RomaniaGenetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, RomaniaAnnenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USASchool of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia(1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. The aims of the present study were to investigate a specific variant of <i>MSX1</i>, derive morphometric tooth measurements in a sample of patients with isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and matched controls, and model the findings. (2) Methods: Genotyping of the <i>MSX1</i> rs8670 genetic variant and morphometric measurements with a 2D image analysis method were performed for 26 hypodontia patients and 26 matched controls. (3) Results: The risk of upper lateral incisor agenesis was 6.9 times higher when the T allele was present. The morphometric parameters showed significant differences between hypodontia patients and controls and between the unilateral and bilateral agenesis cases. The most affected crown dimension in the hypodontia patients was the bucco-lingual dimension. In crown shape there was significant variation the Carabelli trait in upper first molars. (4) Conclusions: The <i>MSX1</i> rs8670 variant was associated with variations in morphological outcomes. The new findings for compensatory interactions between the maxillary incisors indicate that epigenetic and environmental factors interact with this genetic variant. A single-level directional complex interactive network model incorporates the variations seen in this study.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/1/231maxillary lateral incisorhypodontia<i>MSX1</i> genemorphometrics |
| spellingShingle | Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé Krisztina Mártha Claudia Bănescu Matthew Brook O’Donnell Alan H. Brook Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors Genes maxillary lateral incisor hypodontia <i>MSX1</i> gene morphometrics |
| title | Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors |
| title_full | Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors |
| title_fullStr | Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors |
| title_short | Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors |
| title_sort | genetic and morphological variation in hypodontia of maxillary lateral incisors |
| topic | maxillary lateral incisor hypodontia <i>MSX1</i> gene morphometrics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/1/231 |
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